RESUMO : Foram estudados 101 pacientes submetidos a plástica da valva mitral em seis anos, com seguimento de 100%. Entre eles, 36 eram do sexo masculino e 65 do sexo feminino, com idade variando de dois a 62 anos (M = 28 ± 16,4). Desses, 57 (56,4%) foram submetidos apenas a abordagem valvar mitral. Os demais foram submetidos a procedimentos associados, como plástica tricúspide (9,9%), revascularização do miocárdio (4,0%), entre outros. Não foi registrado óbito imediato. O índice de mortalidade tardia foi de 2% (AVC hemorrágico após cinco anos e septicemia), no primeiro ano. As complicações não fatais foram representadas pela endocardite evidenciada em dois pacientes (2%), sendo tratados e curados, e um paciente com reestenose mitral pós-plástica por reagudização da doença reumática. O estudo atuarial revelou um índice de 79,0 ± 17,7% de sobrevida, um total de 76,3 ± 17,8% de pacientes livres de complicações, 80,0 ± 17,9% de reoperações, 100,0% livres de tromboembolismo. Os resultados ecodoplercardiográficos registraram que 89% dos pacientes evoluíram com ausência de insuficiência. Dos 11 % restantes, 7,4% apresentram insuficiência mitral discreta, 2,4% moderada e 2% importante. De acordo com a classificação da NYHA, os pacientes das classes III (83,8%) e IV (16,2%) passaram para as classes I (33,3%), II (60,6%), III (4,1%) e IV (2%). Os autores concluem que o anel de pericárdiO flexível conforma-se perfeitamente com o anel valvar, não produz hemólise e se endoteliza completamente a médio prazo. DESCRITORES: valva mitral, plastia; próteses valvulares cardíacas, biológicas, cirurgia.

Familial history for CVD, sedentary lifestyle and contraceptive use among medicine students showed frequent and associated to the lipid profile, as well as ingestion of alcohol and BMI. Although with desirable lipid profile, regardless of sex, higher levels of LDLc and reduced levels of HDLc in male sex provide a disadvantage to men compared to women.

Six months after bariatric surgery and significant weight loss, many molecular pathways involved in obesity and metabolic diseases change. These findings are an important tool to identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention and clinical practice of nutritional genomics in obesity.

The V allele may be a risk factor for AD, mainly in the presence of the apoE 4 allele, while the presence of GSTT1 may indicate protection against the disease.

The genetic basis for dementias is complex. A common polymorphism in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is considered to be the major risk factor in families with sporadic and late-onset Alzheimer's disease as well as in the general population. The distribution of alleles and genotypes of the APOE gene in late-onset Alzheimer's disease (N = 68), other late-life dementias (N = 39), and in cognitively normal controls (N = 58) was determined, as also was the risk for Alzheimer's disease associated with the ε4 allele. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from a total of 165 individuals living in Brazil aged 65-82 years. Genomic DNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and the products were digested with HhaI restriction enzyme. APOE ε2 frequency was considerably lower in the Alzheimer's disease group (1%), and the ε3 allele and ε3/ε3 genotype frequencies were higher in the controls (84 and 72%, respectively) as were the ε4 allele and ε3/ε4 genotype frequencies in Alzheimer's disease (25 and 41%, respectively). The higher frequency of the ε4 allele in Alzheimer's disease confirmed its role as a risk factor, while ε2 provided a weak protection against development of the disease. However, in view of the unexpectedly low frequency of the ε4 allele, additional analyses in a more varied Brazilian sample are needed to clarify the real contribution of apolipoprotein E to the development of Alzheimer's disease in this population.