Objective: To compare the efficacy between open and close reduction in supracondylar fracture of humerus in children using Flynn’s criteria. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from 1st April 2019 to 31st March 2022. Methodology: One hundred patients were enrolled and divided into two groups (open reduction and closed reduction groups). Each group had 50 patients. Fracture-fragments which were reduced through open reduction protocol or closed reduction were operated under highly standardized care and fixation was performed through K wiring in cross wise pattern. Results: Most of the children were male in both groups with only 20 and 24% females in open and closed reduction groups respectively. The efficacy analysis presented that open reduction efficacy was only 8-10 percent respectively in 5-10 and 11-15 years children respectively. The Flynn criteria also presented that 31 cases of open reduction were having an excellent grade followed by 14 with good. Conclusion: Open reduction method to be superior over closed reduction with higher number of satisfactory scores and efficacy. Keywords: Efficacy, Supracondylar fracture, Flynn’s criteria, Open reduction, Close reduction

Objective: To estimate the incidence of pre-operative deep vein thrombosis in patients with post-hip fractures. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: One hundred cases hip fractures which were analyzed for incidence of deep vein thrombosis. Three types of tests were used for confirmation including ultrasonography, computed topography and the venography. In cases where identification of deep vein thrombosis was confirmed the implantation of inferior vena cava filters was ensured. Results: There were seven such cases that were having deep vein thrombosis presentation in them while rest of 93% did not have any clinical presentation for deep vein thrombosis with their hip fracture. The incidence of the pre operative deep vein thrombosis was significantly higher in cases that were brought after 72 hours deep vein thrombosis was highest in cases that were within the age bracket of 70-79 years. Conclusion: A lower incidence as 7% of deep vein thrombosis occurs in pre operative cases of hip fracture. Keywords: Incidence, Deep vein thrombosis, Post-hip fracture