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ABSTRACT:The placenta plays an important role in modulating xenobiotic passage from mother to fetus. Studies in mice have demonstrated that placental ABCB1 and ABCG2 can affect the transfer of drugs across the placental barrier, suggesting a role for these transporters in protecting the fetus from environmental toxicants or drugs ingested by the mother during pregnancy. To assess the role of these transporters in the human placenta, studies were conducted to evaluate the expression and functional activity of placental ABCB1 and ABCG2. The effect of maternal smoking on these placental transporters was also assessed.

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Antibiotic treatment during pregnancy was frequent in the study population, but was not associated with a significant risk of developing Candida vaginitis.