Blindness & visual impairment are important preventable morbidities. It is more important in developing countries like India. Two important aspects are lack of medical care available in peripheral part of country & lack of awareness of general population for medical care. Almost 80-90 % of population is suffering from preventable cause of blindness. There is an urgent need for screening programs & availability of medical care from government & Non government organization in our country.

Background: Clinical spectrum of cerebral palsy (CP) is different in developing and developed countries. We evaluated the clinical profile, etiological factors and co-morbidities of children with CP in central India. Methods: 50 children with CP came to the hospital in our rehabilitation center were compared with our previous study done in India and western countries. Results: Spastic quadriplegia is the commonest type of CP (90%). Birth asphyxia remains the main (48%) etiological factor. Prematurity was second most common (22%), Pre-eclamsia (10%), convulsions (10%), infection (8%) and pathological jaundice (8%) other important etiological factors. due to bilirubin-encephalopathy remained same (∼30%). Microcephaly (56%), Speech problems (34%), seizures (36%), auditory defect (8%) and visual defect (4%) are common co-morbidities. Common neuroimaging findings include cortical atrophy (50%), periventricular leukomalacia (12.5%) and developmental defect (12.5%). Conclusion: The spectrum of CP is evolving in the developing countries. Lack of proper antenatal and perinatal care, malnutrition and infections appeared to be the major factors for development of CP.

Background: Despite a dramatic reduction in disease burden of vaccine-preventable diseases through childhood immunization, vaccine coverage is not satisfactory even in urban slums. We need considerable efforts to ensure adequate vaccine coverage to control morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess the immunization coverage in an urban slum area and determine various socio-demographic factors affecting the vaccination coverage. Material and Methods: It is a cross sectional random sample study. Parents of children upto the age of 5 years were interviewed at their homes and vaccination centers. Total 1514 cases were included in this study. Results: Approximately 58.9% of the children were fully vaccinated, 23% children were partially vaccinated and 18.2% children were unvaccinated. The full vaccination rate increased with lower birth order, education level of the parents, socioeconomic status of family and hospital delivery. Conclusion: Children from higher economic or educational groups had better vaccination coverage. Not known of exact date of vaccination is most important factor for poor vaccination coverage. Lack of time, distance and nobody at home were the other factors having negative impact.

Self-medication is rapidly evolving major public health concern. Pharmacists or pharmacy attendants play an important role in fostering self-medication among the public and this is supported with the increasing consultation cost.

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