Subject :Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is most common disease characterized by elevation of serum glucose level due to impair insulin production called type 1 DM or impair cell response to insulin called type 2 DM .Cortisol is the steroid hormone that secretion by adrenal gland and it’s consider as stress hormone , act many important role in humane body such as regulation of immune system and metabolic process . Objective of the Study: Role of cortisol in development of DM type 2 disease. Materials and Methods: This study was done on 30 patients with un-control DM type2 patients and 30 control DM type 2 patients , the all subjects age within this study were more than 50 years of both genders .After obtained serum , immediately used quantity method for measured level of serum cortisol concentration . Results: This study shows elevation of serum cortisol concentration level in uncontrol DM type 2 group compare with control DM type 2 group. Conclusion: This study confirms that serum cortisol concentration level can act as support DM type 2 disease .

Subject :Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is know as degenerative cartilage cell disease in joint association with generation various inflammatory responses . This disease is more common in geriatric and effected by many factors such as obesity . Leptin is hormones secreted of fatty tissue involve as mediators in many pathophysiology process , and support inflammation at cartilage of knee joint . Objective of the Study: Role of leptin concentration level in progression of knee Osteoarthritis . Materials and Methods: This study was done on 60 patients with KOA disease and 60 healthy persons (control ), the all subjects age within this study were more than 60 years of both genders .After obtained serum , immediately used quantity method (immunoassay) for measured level of leptin concentration . Results: This study shows elevation of serum leptin concentration level in KOA group compare with healthy control group . Conclusion: This study confirms that serum leptin concentration level can act as support KOA disease progression