Low explosive propellants were formulated by using Palm kernel shell and Malaina wood as plant biomass using the Ammonium nitrate, Biomass (Carbon), Sulphur, Starch and Gum Arabic as binders in ratio of 80:16:2:2 , 65:20:12:3 and 85:10:4:1 by mechanical means using mortar and pestle. The low explosives formulated were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Differential Scanning colorimeter (DSC).The results of the FTIR confirmed interaction between the individual components by showing the presence of C-O stretch, N-O stretch, N-H Stretch, O-H Stretch, N=C=S Stretch, within spectral ranges of 3908.1 cm -1 -674.6 cm -1 .SEM images indicated formation of low explosives with dimensions ranging from 58.3 𝜇m -4.75 𝜇m, with morphological characteristics of white spheroidal substances, scraggy and crack at the surface. The DSC shows burning ability of the explosives tested covered distance that ranged from 588m -521m which confirmed the explosive ability of the propellants formulated.

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Nano-technologies have wide applications in the field of forensic science. Nanotechnology is animportant and powerful tool in most the areas including medicine, imaging, and forensic sciences. Ithas potential to make significant positive contribution in forensic science in crime detection. Thepresent article focuses on the applications of CaO nanoparticles in developing and detecting thelatent fingerprints. Fingerprint is considered noteworthy evidence in any crime scene, andnano-based techniques. An attempt was made to elucidate how nanotechnologies could be crucial inaddressing current forensic investigation issues such as explosive detection, toxicological analysis,finger print analysis, forensic DNA analysis, detection of explosive residue, forensic nano trackersand drug facilitated crime.