Records of Cretaceous marine snakes from Bosnia and Herzegovina have been known for nearly a hundred years. This paper presents a new finding of a pachyostotic snake from the local quarry Dubovac, three kilometers northwest of Bileća. The specimen consists of 29 vertebrae, seven of which are detached from the slab. The two best preserved vertebrae are almost square-shaped resembling Simoliophis rochebrunei but neural arches are much more swollen. Vertebrae and ribs are extremely pachyostotic as in Pachyophis woodwardi. Since there are no three-dimensional vertebrae of this species preserved from Bosnia and Herzegovina, precise identification was limited to a certain extent.

The Late Pleistocene layers (2-4) of the Baranica Cave near Knjaževac (Eastern Serbia) contain rich and diverse vertebrate fauna, as well as several Palaeolithic artefacts. The squamate reptile fauna contains three lizard and six ophidian (snakes) taxa (Lacerta agilis, Lacertidae indet., Anguis fragilis, Zamenis cf. longissimus, Coronella austriaca, Coronella cf. austriaca, cf. Natrix sp., Vipera cf. berus, Vipera sp.). This is only the second of Late Pleistocene herpetofauna described from Serbia. It consists of the forms mainly characteristic for cold and temperate semi-open regions.