We describe a 38-year-old woman with absence of right cerebellar hemisphere incidentally discovered by MR imaging. No cerebellar abnormality was detected on neurological examination. Tissue probably representing dysgenetic cerebellar tissue with no corticomedullary differentiation was present, connected to the right superior cerebellar peduncle. Ipsilateral enlargement of the pons and cerebral peduncle were additional findings. Although the terms "aplasia" or "agenesis" have been used to describe this entity, intrauterine destruction is the presumed pathogenetic mechanism in our case, and therefore these terms have been avoided. Asymmetry of pons and mesencephalon may be related to compensatory reorganisation or to the impairment of sequential development of nuclei and neural tracts.

The aim of this study is to examine the apoptotic effects of high-dose toluene on rat brain cortex and cerebellum tissues during the acute phase. Fourteen albino Wistar rats (180-200 g) were divided into two equal groups (n : 7). While Group I was used as a control group, Group II was applied to a high dose of toluene (5200 mg / kg / gavage). At the end of a three-hour experimental European Journal of General MedicineOriginal Article Eur J Gen Med 2012;9(4):235-240 Eur J Gen Med 2012;9(4):235-240Brain toxicity of acute toluene (20). We defined the benchmark dose as the maximum neurotoxic dose causing toxic damage without leading to death (19). Rats in Group I were administered serum through gavage, while Group II rats were given a single dose (5200 mg/kg/gavage) of 99.5% pure toluene (Sigma, St. Louis, Missouri, USA). Sample collection and preparations of brain cortex and cerebellum tissue. At the end of the three-hour experimental period all rats were killed by exsanguination under ketamine/xylazine (50/10 mg/kg) anesthesia. Brain tissues were removed directly and fixed in formalin solution for immunohistochemical evaluations. The paraffin-embedded brain specimens were cut into 4-5 µm sections and stained with Bax for immunohistochemical evaluation and TUNEL for apoptosis determination. Specimens were examined under a Novel N-800M light microscope. ImmunohistochemistryParaffin embedded brain cortex and cerebellum tissues were dissected at 4-5 µm and deparaffinized in xylene, then dehydrated with alcohol series. The brain cortex and cerebellum tissue were then placed in distilled water and boiled in citrate buffer solution (pH:6.0) in a microwave oven (750W) for 7+5 minutes for antigen retrieval. To prevent endogenous peroxidase activity sections were treated with 3% hydrogen peroxide.

Acil servise nörolojik şikayetlerle başvurunun oldukça sık sebeplerinden biri baş ağrısıdır. Subdural hematom genellikle yaşlılarda görülür. Gençlerde subdural hematom nadirdir ve genellikle travma sebebiyle oluşur. Gençlerde spontan subdural hematoma ise çok nadiren rastlanır. Bu olguda acil servise baş ağrısı şikayeti ile başvuran travma öyküsü olmayan spontan subdural hematomlu 35 yaşında erkek hastayı sunduk.