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Background: Nitric oxide (NO) seems to play an important role during renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We investigated whether rutin inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and reduces 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) formation in the kidneys of rats during I/R. Methods:Wistar albino rats were nephrectomized unilaterally and, 2 weeks later, subjected to 45 minutes of left renal pedicle occlusion followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. We intraperitoneally administered L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)lysine (L-NIL; 3 mg/kg) for 30 minutes or rutin (1 g/kg) for 60 minutes before I/R. After reperfusion, kidney samples were taken for immunohistochemical analysis of iNOS and 3-NT. We measured plasma nitrite/nitrate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to evaluate NO levels.Results: Ischemia/reperfusion caused plasma cGMP to increase significantly. Similarly, plasma nitrite/nitrate was elevated in the I/R group compared with the control group. Histochemical staining was positive for iNOS and 3-NT in the I/R group. Pretreatment with L-NIL or rutin significantly mitigated the elevation of plasma cGMP and nitrite/nitrate. These changes in biochemical parameters were also associated with changes in immunohistochemical appearance. Pretreatment with L-NIL or rutin significantly decreased the incidence and severity of iNOS and 3-NT formation in the kidney tissues. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that high activity of iNOS causes renal I/R injury, and that rutin exerts protective effects, probably by inhibiting iNOS.Contexte : L'oxyde nitrique (NO) semble jouer un rôle important durant la lésion d'ischémie/reperfusion (I/R) rénale. Nous avons vérifié si la rutine inhibe l'oxyde nitrique synthase inductible (iNOS) et réduit la formation de 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) dans les reins de rats durant l'I/R. Méthodes :Des rats albinos Wistar ont subi une néphrectomie unilatérale avant d'être soumis 2 semaines plus tard à une occlusion du pédicule rénal gauche d'une durée de 45 minutes, suivie de 3 heures de reperfusion. Nous avons administré de la L-N6-(1-iminoéthyl)lysine (L-NIL; 3 mg/kg) par voie intrapéritonéale pendant 30 minutes ou de la rutine (1 g/kg) pendant 60 minutes avant l'I/R. Après la reperfusion, des échantillons de tissu rénal ont été prélevés pour analyse immunohistochi mique de l'iNOS et de la 3-NT. Nous avons mesuré les taux plasmatiques de nitrite/nitrate et de guanosine monophosphate cyclique (cGMP) pour évaluer les taux de NO.