and Won-ho Park for their timely feedback and methodological acumen. We also appreciate the faculty and graduate students at the University of Iowa who provided constructive comments as part of the Bose Lecture Series. Larry Kenny, Lee Ann Banazak, and Jocelyn Crowley generously shared with us their historical data. We extend our sincere thanks, too, to Karen Orren and her fellow APSR editors, and the three reviewers who provided us with invaluable insights. Finally, Smith wants to thank Richard White and the Bill Lane Center for the Study of the American West at Stanford University for generous institutional support.