Punicalagin is the major ellagitannin constituent from leaves of Lafoensia pacari, a Brazilian medicinal plant widely used for the treatment of peptic ulcer and wound healing. Genotoxic, cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and anticytotoxic effects of punicalagin were assessed using micronucleus (MN) test and comet assay in mice. Due to the extensive use of L. pacari in the wound healing process, we also assessed the angiogenic activity of punicalagin using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenic assay. The highest dose of punicalagin (50mg/kg) showed significant cytotoxic effect by MN test and in the co-treatment with cyclophosphamide (CPA), this cytotoxicity was enhanced. Co-treatment, pre-treatment and post-treatment of punicalagin with CPA led to a significant reduction in the number of DNA breaks and in the frequency of CPA-induced MN, indicating antigenotoxic effect. Using the CAM model, punicalagin exhibited angiogenic activity in all doses mainly at the lowest concentration (12.5μg/μL). Therefore, these findings indicate an effective chemopreventive role of punicalagin and a high capacity to induce DNA repair. Also, the angiogenic activity presented by punicalagin in this study could contribute for the processes of tissue repairing and wound healing.

RESUMO:O Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) planta medicinal encontrada no bioma Cerrado apresenta propriedades físico-químicas que lhe garante importantes atividades farmacológicas tais como: anti-inflamatória, analgésica e uma atividade protetora da mucosa gástrica. A casca do tronco é a principal matéria-prima usada para o desenvolvimento de produtos medicinais. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi investigar a influência da solução aquosa da casca do barbatimão no processo de formação de vasos sanguíneos na membrana corioalontoide de ovo embrionado de galinha. Foram utilizadas 30g da casca triturada em um litro de água. Este processo permitiu a obtenção da Solução Aquosa de Barbatimão -SAB em uma concentração de 30mg/mL. A atividade angiogênica da solução aquosa do barbatimão foi avaliada mediante realização de testes laboratoriais "in vivo", utilizando como modelo experimental a membrana do ovo embrionado de galinha (MCA). Utilizou-se como controle indutor o Regederm®, o qual apresenta atividade angiogênica conhecida. Os resultados demonstraram que a SAB apresentou um percentual de vascularização na MCA de (50.4%) não tendo diferença (p>0,05) aos valores detectados no controle indutor (52,9%). Com os resultados obtidos, percebe-se que o barbatimão apresenta atividade angiogênica no modelo experimental utilizado.Palavras chave: Angiogênese, barbatimão, membrana, ovo.ABSTRACT: Angiogenic activity of the aqueous solution of Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens).The Barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) medicinal plant found in the Cerrado biome has physicochemical properties which guarantee important pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatic, analgesic and protective activities of gastric mucosa. The bark of the trunk is the main raw material used for the development of medicinal products. In this study, the objective was to investigate the influence of the aqueous solution of barbatimão bark in the formation of blood vessels in the membrane of embryonated chicken egg corioalontoid. 30g of shredded bark was used in one liter of water. This process enabled the obtention of aqueous Barbatimão -BSA at a concentration of 30mg / ml. The angiogenic activity of the aqueous solution of barbatimão was assessed by laboratory testing "in vivo", using the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated chicken egg (MCA) as an experimental model. TheRegederm® controlinductor was used, which exhibits known angiogenic activity. The results showed that the percentage of BSA showed a vascularization of the MCA (50.4%) there was no difference (p> 0.05) in the values detected in the control inductor (52.9%). With the obtained results, it is clear that barbatimão shows angiogenic activity under the experimental model used.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective of C. guianensis oil against MMC and CP, which are direct-and indirect-acting chemical mutagens, using the micronucleus test. Three experiments were performed. First the C. guianensis oil was co-administered to mice at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/ kg bw with 4 mg/kg bw MMC or 50 mg/kg bw CP. Second, the mutagenic drug (CP) was administered ip 50 mg/kg bw and after 6 and 12 hours 250 and 500 mg/kg bw of C. guianensis oil were administered. In the last, C. guianensis oil was administrated (250 and 500 mg/kg bw) during five days and after it was administered ip 50 mg/kg bw CP. The results obtained showed that the C. guianensis oil is not cytotoxic neither genotoxic to mouse bone marrow. Regarding the antimutagenic effect, all doses of C. guianensis oil were significantly (p < 0.05) effective in reducing the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes, when compared with MMC or CP alone. Based on these results, our results suggest that the C. guianensis oil shows medicinal potential as an antimutagenic agent, modulating the mutagenicity caused by both direct-and indirect-acting chemical mutagens, in a mammalian model.

Resumo: A Tabebuia impetiginosa é uma planta conhecida popularmente como ipê-roxo, encontrada na América do Sul e Central e amplamente distribuída no cerrado brasileiro. A casca da planta apresenta componentes químicos que possuem ação anti-inflamatória, antitumoral, antibacteriana e antifúngica, podendo ser utilizada no tratamento de diversas enfermidades. Com base no potencial terapêutico que os componentes químicos extraídos da casca da planta podem oferecer, o presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a atividade angiogênica da Tabebuia impetiginosa (Ipê-roxo). A possível atividade angiogênica da planta foi avaliada pelo ensaio da membrana corio-alantoide (MCA) de ovos embrionados de galinha. O experimento evidenciou um aumento da rede vascular (p

This study aimed to assess the action of methanol extract from Casearia arborea (Salicaceae) branches against the harmful effects of Bothrops alternatus venom. The venom was tested combined or not with Casearia arborea methanol extract (CAME) at different ratios (1:10, 1:50 (w/w)). Coagulant activity was tested using bovine plasma at 37°C and crude venom (10µg). The hemorrhagic activity of the venom (15µg) was assessed 150 min after inoculating venom samples in the dorsal region of mice. Myotoxic activity was tested by injecting venom into the gastrocnemius muscle of mice, followed by determination of creatine kinase (CK) levels. Phospholipase A 2 activity was evaluated using egg yolk as substrate. Histologic sections of gastrocnemius muscles were analyzed under an optical microscope. The results indicated that CAME inhibited coagulant activity by 59% and reduced hemorrhagic activity by 91%. Myotoxicity analysis demonstrated that serum CK levels declined and phospholipase A 2 activity assessment showed a 50% reduction. The histological sections analyzed indicated decreased local tissue damage in the presence of CAME. These results suggest that CAME may be a potential adjuvant in conjunction with the serum therapy currently applied to neutralize botropic venoms.