ABSTRAKTanaman cabai merupakan komoditas dengan nilai ekonomis tinggi di Desa Srigading, Kecamatan Sanden, Kabupaten Bantul. Produktivitas cabai di lahan sub-optimal pasir pantai tidak kalah tinggi dibandingkan dengan lahan sawah. Namun penurunan produktivitas cabai yang disebabkan serangan organisme pengganggu tanaman mengakibatkan kerugian bagi petani, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengendalian OPT. Edukasi tentang pemanfaatan tanaman refugia sebagai pengendali hama alami belum pernah dilakukan. Metode yang dilakukan dalam kegiatan ini adalah paparan (edu-agriculture) tentang pemanfaatan tanaman refugia, pembuatan demonstrasi plot tanaman cabai dengan berbagai jenis tanaman refugia, serta inisiasi wisata swafoto bunga. Hasil kegiatan yang diperoleh berupa peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai teknik pengendalian hama dan penyakit secara alami sehingga mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap pestisida sintetik dengan memanfaatkan tanaman refugia yang terdapat di lingkungan sekitar. Kegiatan terbukti mengatasi permasalahan para petani dan memanfaatkan sumber daya alam secara maksimal yang sangat penting bagi peningkatan produktivitas pertanian.

Identification of the causal agent of yellow leaf curl disease on cucumbers.  Yellow leaf curl disease has been reported to cause serious diseases and yield losses on tobacco, chilli pepper, and tomato plants in Java. Similar symptoms were observed recently on cucumber plants from several growing areas in West Java (Bogor), Central Java (Tegal and Sukoharjo), and Yogyakarta (Sleman). Symptom variations  including mosaic, chlorotic spotting, leaf curling, blistering, vein banding, reduction and distortion of leaf and fruit were observed. Serological detection using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) showed infection of several viruses. Antibodies specific to Squash mosaic comovirus (SqMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic potyvirus (ZyMV), dan Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) were reacted positively with field samples. No serological reactions were observed with antibodies to Tobacco ringspot potyvirus (TRSV) and Watermelon mosaic potyvirus (WMV). Molecular detection approach based on Polymerase Chain Reaction was undergone using universal primers for Geminivirus, pAL1v1978 and pAR1c715. DNA fragment 1600 bp in size, was successfully amplified from leaf samples originated from Tegal, Sleman, Bogor, and Sukoharjo. Further identification by nucleotide sequencing indicated that virus isolates causing yellow leaf curl disease on cucumber have highest homology (95.7% to 98.6%) with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus-[Cucumber:Indonesia] (AB613825) from Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia.

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Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is an important pathogen in agricultural crops which is spread throughout the world with a wide host range. In Indonesia, CMV is also an important pathogen that infect various high economic value crops. Karanganyar regency is a horticultural production centers in Central Java. Its foremost products are cucurbits incuding cucumber (Cucumis sativus), melon (Cucumis melo), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata), chayote (Sechium edule), angled luffa (Luffa acutangula) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia). Recently, cucurbits crops in the area suffered from disease with symptoms of virus infection, especially CMV, that is, mosaic, vein clearing, vein banding, malformation, etc. The disease is detrimental to farmers. This research aimed to determine whether the causal agent of disease in the crops is CMV. For that, the authors conducted a survey in the field, picked up sample crops showing symptoms, brought the sample crops to the laboratory, and checked for the presence of CMV by triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA). The results showed that of the 50 sample crops including 7 species of cucurbits showing symptoms of virus infection, 12 were detected to be infected by CMV. CMV was distributed evenly in cucurbits in Karanganyar regency.

Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae) is the most important soil-borne disease in garlic. This pathogen is a weak parasite so that it can be controlled through healthy plant cultivation approaches such as the use of organic compost fertilizer and soil microbes as biological control agents. Gliocladium sp. is an antagonist fungus that can be used as a soil borne disease control agent. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of compost plus Gliocladium to control garlic root rot in endemic land. The experiment was carried out in Tawangmangu Karanganyar at 1000 meters asl. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments arranged by completely randomized design with three replications. The main variables are disease incidence of fusarium wilt and control efficacy. The other variables observed were the fresh and dry weight of the biomass and the yield in the form of the weight of garlic bulbs per plant. Data processing carried out was analysis of variance and DMRT at 5% level. The results showed that compost plus Gliocladium produced higher effectiveness than compost alone or Gliocladium alone. The effectiveness of compost plus Gliocladium was more effective in suppressing fusarium wilt compared to farmers using fungicides and artificial chemical fertilizers.