Fatty acid (FA) composition is one of the most important parameters for the evaluation of meat quality. The stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) gene is considered a positional candidate gene affecting FA composition in SSC14, based on previous quantitative trait loci studies. To evaluate the association of the SCD gene with FA composition in a Korean native pig × Landrace F(2) intercross population, we genotyped six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the SCD gene located in promoter region [2 SNPs (g.-353T>C, g.-233T>C)], exonic region [1 SNP (g.817C>T) in exon 2] and 3' UTR [3 SNPs (g.13311C>G, g.14384G>A, and g.14424C>T)] identified by massively parallel sequencing technology. Eighteen FA composition traits were measured in more than the 950 F(2) animals. A mixed-effect model was used to evaluate associations between these SNPs and FA composition traits in the F(2) intercross population. A detailed investigation detected that the five FA composition traits [palmitoleic acid (C16:1), stearic acid (C18:0), arachidic acid (C20:0), saturated FA, and unsaturated FA] were highly significant (P < 4.7 × 10(-5); C20:0) in association with the SNP g.-233T>C, SNP g.817C>T, SNP g.13311C>G and SNP g.14384G>A in the SCD gene, whereas SNP g.14424C>T was only significantly associated with palmitoleic acid (C16:1, P = 1.4 × 10(-3)). No significant association of FA composition traits with SNP g.-353T>C was detected. In particular, the SNP g.14384G>A accounted for 30.6 % of the additive genetic variance of palmitoleic acid (P = 1.9 × 10(-10)). These results suggest the SCD gene has a strong effect on FA composition in the crossbred pig population.

Fatty acid composition of meat is becoming more important due to consumer demand for high quality and healthy foods. The present study evaluated the associations of five candidate genes (FABP4, FASN, NR1H3, GH and SCD) with fatty acid composition in Korean cattle (Hanwoo). The g.3691G > A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the FABP4 gene had significant effects on high myristic acid (C14:0; P < 0.01) and palmitic (C16:0; P < 0.05) in animals having the GG genotype, and high arachidonic acid (C20:4; P < 0.05) in the AA genotype of Hanwoo. The FASN SNP at position g.17924G > A was also significantly associated with myristic acid (P < 0.01). In case of the SCD gene, a significant effect was only observed in myristoleic acid (C14:1; P < 0.01). However, SNPs in GH and NR1H3 genes showed no effects on fatty acid composition. The results indicate that SNPs in three candidate genes, FABP4, FASN and SCD, may be influential in breeding design for fatty acid composition in Hanwoo.

ABSTRAKGen MC4R dikenal sebagai kandidat gen untuk sifat pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gen MC4R pada sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) Kebumen dan hubungannya terhadap sifat pertumbuhan ternak tersebut. Data bobot lahir (BL), bobot sapih (BS), panjang badan lahir (PBL), lingkar dada lahir (LDL), tinggi gumba (TG), panjang badan sapih (PBS), lingkar dada sapih (LDS), tinggi gumba sapih (TGS) dan rata-rata pertumbuhan bobot badan harian (ADG) digunakan untuk analisis asosiasi berdasarkan gen MC4R. Total 60 sampel darah diambil dan digunakan untuk isolasi DNA.Produk PCR diamplifikasi dengan menggunakan primer forward 5'-GTCGGGCGTCTTGTTCATC-3' dan reverse 5' GCTTGTGTTTAGCATCGCGT-3'. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) g.1133 C>G digunakan untuk proses genotyping menggunakan metode PCR-RFLP dengan enzim restriksi HpyCH4IV. Frekuensi alel G (0,59) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan alel C (0.41). Frekuensi genotip tertinggi dimiliki oleh ternak bergenotip heterozigot CG, diikuti dengan ternak bergenotipe homozigot GG (0,33) dan CC (0,15). Hasil uji Chi-square menunjukkan populasi tidak menyimpang (P>0,05) dari Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). Hasil analisis asosiasi menunjukkan bahwa SNP g. 1133 C>G pada gen MC4R berpengaruh nyata terhadap panjang badan lahir ternak dengan genotip GG (P<0,05). Kesimpulannya, SNP g.1133 C>G dapat digunakan sebagai marker untuk seleksi sapi PO Kebumen berdasarkan sifat panjang badan saat lahir.Kata kunci: sapi PO Kebumen, Gen MC4R, bobot badan, ukuran tubuh ABSTRACT MC4R gene is known as an important candidate gene for the growth trait. The purpose of this research was to identify the MC4R gene in Kebumen Ongole grade cattle and examine its association with growth traits. Data of birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), birth body length (BBL), birth chest circumference (BCC), birth shoulder height (BSH), weaning body length (WBL), weaning chest circumference (WCC), weaning shoulder height (WSH) and average daily gain (ADG) were collected and used for analysis of MC4R gene. Sixty blood samples were collected for DNA isolation and PCR amplification. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) g.1133 C>G was used for genotyping by using PCR-RFLP methods. The frequenciy of G allele (0.59) was greater than C allele (0.41). The highest genotype frequencies have been detected in CG heterozygote animals (0.52) followed by GG (0.33) and CC (0.15) in homozygote animals. The results of Pearson 's Chi-square test indicated that the population was not deviate (P>0.05) from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The SNP g. 1133 C>G of MC4R gene indicated affecting high birth body length with GG genotype (P<0.05). In Kebumen Ongole Grade Cattle (D. Maharani et al.) 87 conclusion, the SNP g. 1133 C>G may can be a marker for birth body length of calf selection. Identification of MC4R Gene in

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