Ethnographic methodologies developed in social anthropology and sociology hold considerable promise for addressing practical, problem-based research concerned with the construction site. The extended researcher-engagement characteristic of ethnography reveals rich insights, yet is infrequently used to understand how work-place realities are lived out on construction sites. Moreover studies that do employ these methods are rarely reported within construction management journals. This article argues that recent innovations in ethnographic methodologies offer new routes to: posing questions; understanding work-place socialities (that is, the qualities of the social relationships that develop on construction sites); learning about forms, uses and communication of knowledge on construction sites; and turning these into meaningful recommendations. This argument is supported by examples from an interdisciplinary ethnography concerning migrant workers and communications on UK construction sites. Commissioned by the UK sector skills council ConstructionSkills, the research sought to understand how construction workers communicate with managers and each other and how they stay safe on site, with the objective of informing site health and safety strategies and the production and evaluation of training and other materials.
Reenactments (introduced by Sidnell, 2006) are embodied demonstrations of past events or scenes. In this article we explore how reenactments are deployed in the course of, and indeed support work in, collaborative data analysis sessions among groups of social scientists (and primarily conversation analysts). The data used to build the analysis are drawn from audiovisual recordings of a range of data sessions involving formal and informal groupings of social scientists who themselves are analyzing video data. One way in which participants discuss and discriminate on-screen conduct is through imitating or enacting that conduct. This article examines how participants, having noticed something on-screen, set about having others see it (or see it in a particular way) through the use of reenactments, which are not a reproduction of the actions on-screen but a version of events that inevitably selects and often exaggerates certain features. In doing so we highlight some of the key differences in the design of reenactments in these data sessions, in comparison to those that feature in everyday conversational settings. These differences concern the relationship of the design of the reenactments to visible artifacts in the scene, the configuration of the interactional huddle, and the opportunities for coparticipants to progressively shape and reshape the reenactment. These all reveal the distinctive characteristics and demands of deploying reenactments in developing analytic claims.Data sessions in which participants collaboratively analyze video data provide an interesting case study for those with an interest in bodily expression and gesture. They form a common workplace setting for video experts and practitioners, found both in academic departments and in
Our interest here is with the 'marriage' of e-patient information systems with care pathways in order to deliver integrated care. We report on the development and implementation of four such pathways within two National Health Service primary care trusts in England: (a) frail elderly care, (b) stroke care, (c) diabetic retinopathy screening and (d) intermediate care. The pathways were selected because each represents a different type of information and data 'couplings', in terms of task interdependency with some pathways/systems reflecting more complex coordinating patterns than others. Our aim here is identify and explain how health professionals and information specialists in two organisational National Health Service primary care trusts organisationally construct and use such systems and, in particular, the implications this has for issues of professional and managerial control and autonomy. The article is informed by an institutionalist analysis.
• This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor Abstract:Local, tacit and normally unspoken OHS (occupational health and safety) knowledge and practices can too easily be excluded or remain below the industry horizon of notice, meaning that they remain unaccounted for in formal OHS policy and practice. In this article we stress the need to more systematically and routinely tap into these otherwise 'hidden' communication channels, which are central to how everyday safe working practices are achieved. To demonstrate this approach this paper will draw on our ethnographic research with a gang of migrant curtain wall installers on a large office development project in the north of England. In doing so we reflect on the practice based nature of learning and sharing OHS knowledge through examples of how workers' own patterns of successful communication help avoid health and safety problems. These understandings, we argue can be advanced as a basis for the development of improved OHS measures, and of organisational knowing and learning. Our opening narrative describes an encounter that formed part of Dylan Tutt's experiences of doing ethnography with a group of migrant East European curtain wall installers, working with Italian and English supervisors and managers, on a large north of England office development project. During our study, the glazing contractor had 31 personnel working on this large site (including supervisors and engineers). Dylan's fieldwork at this particular location largely involved following the everyday work of the gang of curtain glazing installers within the team, and the communication between the workers on different floors as the glass panels were raised and installed on the building.
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