No abstract

No abstract

Se reportan los avances en la construcción de un arreglo plano de 64X64 (4096) dipolos de onda completa, con una frecuencia de operación de 140 MHz ocupando un área de 10 000 m² (70 m x 140 m) para realizar observaciones de centelleo interplanetario (CIP). Este será un arreglo dedicado de tiempo completo a estudios de CIP donde se espera captar diariamente cerca de 1000 fuentes de radio conocidas. El arreglo se está construyendo en Coeneo, Michoacán (localizado a 350 km de la Ciudad de México, Lat. 19°48’ N, Long. 101°41’ O y a 1964 m sobre el nivel del mar). El MEXART (por sus siglas en inglés) tendrá algunas características similares al arreglo del MRAO en Cambridge, pero con varias mejoras tales como un mejor sistema electrónico, frecuencia de operación más alta, una parte trasera digital y su ubicación en una altitud geomagnética intermedia (29°). El proyecto MEXART consiste de dos etapas. En la primera se construyó un arreglo prototipo cerca de la ciudad de México, el cual tenía todos los elementos básicos de la antena del arreglo final, pero cubriendo un área menor (1000 m²) y con una matriz de Butler de 4x4. En la segunda etapa estamos construyendo el arreglo final con la asistencia técnica del NCRA-TIFR de la India. El MEXART será el único instrumento de su tipo en el continente americano y formará parte de una red junto con otros observatorios de CIP en otras longitudes como el ORT en la India y el STEL en Japón. Esta red de observatorios de CIP proporcionará información relevante para el estudio de las perturbaciones de gran escala que se propagan en el medio interplanetario, en particular las que tiene mayor relevancia al clima espacial. Esperamos iniciar observaciones a principios de 2003.

No abstract

The Mexican Space Weather Service (SCiESMEX in Spanish) and National Space Weather Laboratory (LANCE in Spanish) were organized in 2014 and in 2016 respectively to provide space weather monitoring and alerts, as well as scientific research in Mexico. In this work, we present the results of the first joint observations of two events (22 June, 2015, and 29 September, 2015) with our local network of instruments and their related products. This network includes the MEXART radio telescope (solar flare and radio burst), the Compact Astronomical Low-frequency, Low-cost Instrument for Spectroscopy in Transportable Observatories (CALLISTO) at MEXART station (solar radio burst), the Mexico City Cosmic Ray Observatory (cosmics ray fluxes), GPS receiver networks (ionospheric disturbances), and the Geomagnetic Observatory of Teoloyucan (geomagnetic field). The observations show that we detected significant space weather effects over the Mexican territory: geomagnetic and ionospheric disturbances (22 June, 2015), variations in cosmic rays fluxes, and also radio communication's interferences (29 September, 2015). The effects of these perturbations were registered, for the first time, using space weather products by SCiESMEX: TEC maps, regional geomagnetic index Kmex, radio spectrographs of low frequency, and cosmic rays fluxes. These results prove the importance of monitoring space weather phenomena in the region and the need to strengthening the instrumentation network.Space weather (SW) phenomena influence the performance and reliability of different modern technological systems; see for instance Buonsanto (1999) and Dinardini et al. (2016a). The country has developed a significant infrastructure that is vulnerable to SW events, such as electricity generation and a transportation grid, telecommunications, electronic banking, long pipelines for gas and oil transportation, etc. The effects of the Carrington geomagnetic storm in 1859 were registered in several locations, indicating that the region is vulnerable to extreme geomagnetic storms (Gonzlez-Esparza and Cuevas-Cardona, 2018).There are some studies of particular SW events that affected the geomagnetic field and ionosphere in Mexico, for example Rodríguezhowever, the SW phenomena in this region have not been studied comprehensively. For instance, there is a lack of continuous multi-instrument observations of SW phenomena in Mexico that can provide reliable statistics for regional SW studies. Mexico is situated at low latitudes (geographic latitudes 14 • -32 • N, geomagnetic latitudes 23 • -38 • N). Recent studies prove that the SW effects are far from being fully understood at these latitudes (Cid et al., 2014;Yizengaw et al., 2013; Balch et al., 2004a,b).The southern half of Mexican territory is located between the Northern Tropic and the Equator. The Sun's incident ray path, at maximum elevation, remains troughout the year between 35 • and 81 • in the northern region of the country (Tijuana at 32 • N) and between 53 • and 90 • in the southern region (Tapachula at 14 • N...