Organophosphate (OP) compounds are widely used in different applications including agriculture. The widespread use of OP insecticides, however, brings high risks of severe health problems. Besides occupational poisoning in industrial production and agricultural application, instances of acute organophosphate poisoning (OPP) also include suicide, homicide, and accidental overdose. Cardiovascular manifestations frequently accompany exposure to these organophosphorus compounds, but their exact nature is not fully elucidated. In this study, we evaluated 20 patients who presented to our emergency department with organophosphorus (OP) poisoning and discussed their associated electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. Over 3 months, 20 patients with OP poisoning were included in this prospective study. ECG analysis included the rate, ST-T abnormalities, conduction defects, and measurement of PR and "QTc" intervals. Our results show that 12 patients were having prolonged QTc interval i.e., >0.43 s. Eight patients were having mild elevated ST segment and low-amplitude "T" waves. Most of the patients have shown increased heart rate, where as some has shown decreased value. From this study, we conclude that acute organophosphorus poisoning is associated with ventricular arrhythmias, tachycardia and bradycardia, and attributes mild myocardial ischemia.

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus which is generally neglected by the treating doctor as well as patient. The objective of the study was to study cardiovascular reflexes in diabetic autonomic neuropathy at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Present hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Osmania Medical College and General Hospital which is a tertiary care hospital for a period of two years among 80 known cases of diabetes. Institutional Ethics Committee permission was obtained, and informed consent was taken.Results: In the present study, maximum i.e. 60% were males. Postural hypotension was noted in the long-standing diabetics. The average duration of diabetes showing postural hypotension was 13.5 years. The highest recorded postural hypotension was 50 mmHg. 30% showed the autonomic damage. 45% showed normal variation. 25% showed border line variation. 30% had abnormal response (A Valsalva ratio of 1.10 and less is abnormal). 35% showed abnormal response (If the ratio is 1.00 or less, vagal damage is probably present).Conclusions: The average duration of diabetes showing postural hypotension was 13.5 years. The highest recorded postural hypotension was 50 mmHg. 25% of the patients had blood pressure fall of 30 mmHg and more. In 55% of the cases, the fall was between 10-20 mmHg. 30% showed the autonomic damage. 30% had abnormal Valsalva ratio.

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Background: The metabolic syndrome is a deadly combination of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, and dyslipidemia due to abdominal obesity. The causes this is both bad genes and bad environment. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of metabolic control of diabetes in the development of neuropathy.Methods: The present hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy. The study was undertaken between October 2012 to May 2014 both in inpatient and outpatient department. Diabetic patients seeking consultation for the symptoms suggestive of neuropathy were screened and labeled as suffering from diabetic neuropathy based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Diabetic neuropathy was common in the age group of 56 to 65 years in both male and female (33.3%). Average duration of diabetes was 8.7 years. Overall the rate of irregularity was much more (78%). Maximum (78%) patients reported presence of sensory symptoms. Diminision or loss of both ankle jerks was present in all 60 cases while 28 patients showed sluggish or absent knee jerks in total 60 patients. Maximum patients (60%) had distal symmetrical neuropathy.Conclusions: Longstanding diabetes and poor glycaemic control are particularly associated with an increased risk of neuropathy in diabetes mellitus.