Represented by 137 populations in 1978, A. pallipes is now almost completely restricted to only one department, with 45 populations recorded, representing a decrease of 68% of the population number in 25 years, with a loss of 40% of populations in the last 6 years. Most of the disappearances of crayfish are unexplained. For the 22 others, the main reasons of the disappearance of indigenous crayfish populations were due to (1) habitat destruction by channelisation, (2) decrease of water quality by use of agricultural chemicals, (3) the construction of ponds or lakes changing the physical and chemical parameters of brooks inhabited by indigenous crayfish, (4) the introduction of non-indigenous species, mainly P. leniusculus and recently (5) crayfish plague implicated and characterized in the disappearance of two populations, two additional ones being suspected.Introduced in 1978 in Vienne department, P. leniusculus has now been found in 28 locations. First record of P. clarkii was in 1988 in Charente-Maritime department; since it has spread in most of the hydrographic basin of this department. La plupart des disparitions de populations sont inexpliquées. Pour les disparitions dont les causes peuvent être présumées ou observées, on trouve par ordre décroissant d'importance : (1) la destruction de l'habitat (recalibrage), (2) la diminution de la qualité de l'eau par utilisation de produits chimiques pour l'agriculture, (3) la construction de mares ou d'étangs qui changent les paramètres physico-chimiques des cours d'eau (4) l'introduction d'écrevisses non indigènes, principalement P. leniusculus et récemment (5) la peste de l'écrevisse qui a été caractérisée dans la disparition de 2 populations, et suspectée dans 2 autres cas.Introduite en 1978 dans le département de la Vienne, P. leniusculus est présente dans 28 sites (de ce département). Les premières observations de P. clarkii datent de 1988 en Charente-Maritime, depuis elle s'est étendue à la plupart des bassins hydrographiques de ce département.
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