Abstract.Mexico is the world's fourth most important maize producer; hence, there is a need to maintain soil quality for sustainable production in the upcoming years. Pumice mining is a superficial operation that modifies large areas in central Mexico. The main aim was to assess the present state of agricultural soils differing in elapsed time since pumice mining (0-15 years) in a representative area of the Calimaya region in the State of Mexico. The study sites in 0, 1, 4, 10, and 15 year old reclaimed soils were compared with an adjacent undisturbed site. Our results indicate that gravimetric moisture content, water hold capacity, bulk density, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and phosphatase and urease activity were greatly impacted by disturbance. A general trend of recovery towards the undisturbed condition with reclamation age was found after disturbance, the recovery of soil total N being faster than soil organic C. The soil quality indicators were selected using principal component analysis (PCA), correlations and multiple linear regressions. The first three components gathered explain 76.4 % of the total variability. The obtained results revealed that the most appropriate indicators to diagnose the quality of the soils were urease, available phosphorus and bulk density and minor total nitrogen. According to linear score analysis and the additive index, the soils showed a recuperation starting from 4 years of pumice extraction.

La gladiola es uno de los principales cultivos ornamentales de México, en cuya producción se usan fertilizantes químicos excesivos que pueden ocasionar problemas de salud y contaminación ambiental. Los abonos orgánicos y los biofertilizantes aumentan la eficiencia de los fertilizantes de síntesis química, incrementan la productividad de los cultivos, mejoran la calidad del suelo, preservan la salud humana y conservan el ambiente. En el contexto sostenible, el uso de biofertilizantes y abonos orgánicos en ornamentales es una alternativa viable porque es amigable con el hombre y el ambiente. Para analizar los efectos de Bacillus subtilis, Glomus fasciculatum, fertilización orgánica e inorgánica, y sus interacciones con la productividad de cormos y espiga floral en gladiola (Gladiolus grandiflorus) variedad Borrega roja, se estableció este trabajo a cielo abierto en condiciones de temporal en el Valle de Toluca. Se evaluaron 12 tratamientos producto de la combinación de Glomus fasciculatum (Am), Bacillus subtilis (Ab), Glomus fasciculatum + Bacillus subtilis (Am+b), abono orgánico (Bv) y fertilizante inorgánico (Bi). G. fasciculatum + B. subtilis + abono orgánico favorecieron significativamente el diámetro del tallo floral y su peso seco, además de incrementar en 27 % el diámetro del cormo y en 100 % su peso; también afectaron el número de cormillos en el 77 % y su peso en el 90 %. Estos resultados evidencian las ventajas del uso combinado de biofertilizantes y fertilizantes orgánicos en gladiola.

Abstract. México is the worl's fourth most important maize producer; hence, there is a need to maintain soil quality for a sustainable production in the upcoming years. Pumice mining, a superficial operation, modifies large areas in Central Mexico. The main aim was to assess the present state of agricultural soils differing in elapsed-time since pumice mining (0–15 years), in a representative area of the Calimaya region in the State of Mexico. The study sites in 0, 1, 4, 10 and 15 year-old reclaimed soils were compared with adjacent undisturbed site. Our results indicate that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon and microbial quotients were greatly impacted by disturbance. A general trend of recovery towards the undisturbed condition with reclamation age was found after disturbance. Recovery of soil total nitrogen was faster than soil organic carbon. Principal components analysis was applied. The first three components together explain 71.72 % of the total variability. First factor reveals strong associations between total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon and pH. The second factor reveals high loading of urease and catalase. The obtained results revealed that the most appropriate indicators to diagnose the quality of the soils were: total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon and soil organic carbon.