The objective of this study was, by means of patient self-report, to measure the provision of preventive care to patients of a sample of Australian general practitioners. Patient-completed questionnaires from a consecutive sample of Australian general practitioners enrolled in the Quality Assurance and Continuing Medical Education Program of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners were used. Patients were attendees at Australian general practices. The main outcome measures included the following: the provision of tetanus immunization within the last 10 years; blood pressure measurement within the last 12 months; cholesterol screening within the past 5 years; provision of adequate information to enable patients to stop smoking if they desired; discussion about the benefits of diet and exercise to enhance life, and about alcohol intake; provision of cervical smears in the past 2 years; provision of adequate instruction in breast self-examination and overall satisfaction with service provision. A total of 12,605 questionnaires from 133 general practices were completed. There was wide variability between practices in the reported provision of preventive care items including an average of 86% (range 36-100) of patients reporting the provision of blood pressure checking in the past 12 months, 62% (range 25-97%) reporting the provision of tetanus immunization in the past 10 years, and 63% (range 10-91%) reporting having had a cervical smear in the past 2 years. Patients who were very satisfied were more likely to have reported that they had received blood pressure measurement in the past 12 months, participated in discussions about the benefits of diet and exercise in enhancing life, and participated in discussions about alcohol intake and provision of adequate instruction in the technique of breast self-examination. Patient self-reporting identified variability between practitioners in the provision of preventive care conforming to accepted guidelines. Patients who reported that they were very satisfied or who regularly attend only one general practice reported the provision of more preventive care than those who were not very satisfied or who regularly visited two or more general practitioners.