At present, сhlorophyll meters are widely used for a quick and nondestructive estimate of the chlorophyll (Chl) content in plant leaves. Chlorophyll meters allows to estimate the Chl content in relative units -the chlorophyll index (CI). However, using such meters, one can face a problem of converting the CI into the absolute values of the pigment content and comparing the data acquired with different devices and for different plant species. Many Chl meters (SPAD-502, CL-01, CCM-200) demonstrated a high degree of correlation between the CI and the absolute pigment content, and a number of formulas have been deduced for different plant species to convert the CI into the absolute value of the photosynthetic pigment content. However, such data have not yet been acquired for the atLEAF+ chlorophyll meter. The purpose of the present research was to assess the applicability of the atLEAF+ Chl meter for estimating Chl content. A significant speciesspecific exponential relationships between the atLEAF value (corresponding to CI) and extractable Chl a, Chl b, Chl (a+b) for Calamus dioicus and Cleistanthus sp. were shown. The correlations between the atLEAF values and the content of Chl a, Chl b, and Chl (a+b) per unit of leaf area was stronger than per unit of dry leaf mass. The atLEAF value-Chl b correlation was weaker than that of atLEAF value-Chl a and atLEAF value-Chl (a+b) correlations. The influence of light conditions (Chl a/b ratio) on the atLEAF value has also been shown. The obtained results indicate that on condition of the right calibration the atLEAF+ Chl meter is a cheap and convenient tool for a quick nondestructive estimate of Chl content and can be used for this purpose along with other Chl meters.
Ecological plasticity in the tidal zone, specifically the effects of daily and seasonal dynamics of environmental factors on the dominant species of vascular plants and epilithic lichens has been studied. The investigations were conducted on the Pomorian coast of the White Sea (Republic of Karelia) during two growing seasons (2012-2013). The studies of the morphological and anatomical characteristics of dominant individuals in the plant and lichen cover types have been made along the model transect through different substrate types. Determination of plasticity of plants and lichens was made by the method of Cornelissen exploiting coefficient of variation (CV). The obtained data showed that the investigated groups of vascular plants and lichens on the tidal zone on all measured morphological and anatomical parameters have a high level of plasticity
Abstract⎯An overview of research seeking and studying the potential low temperature sensors in plants is provided. It was shown that the number of potential candidates for low temperature sensors is quite wide and includes both individual intracellular structures and substances: membranes, cytoskeletal elements, chromatin, phytochromes, DNA, RNA, specific proteins, and sugars. It was noted that, depending on the mode of thermal exposure (intensity, cooling rate, duration, etc.), the leading role of temperature sensors may be played by different structures or substances. Apparently, this variety allows plants to respond to cold more flexibly and appropriately.
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