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This study presents in vitro direct regeneration for Agastache foeniculum, a medicinal plant of the family Lamiaceae. Different explant types (cotyledons, hypocotyls, shoot tips, and nodal segments) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) in combination with 1 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Regenerated shoots were transferred to half-or full-strength MS medium with various growth regulators for root regeneration. Shoot regeneration frequency was affected by the explant type and BAP concentration. The highest shoot regeneration frequency was recorded for nodal explants followed by cotyledons, shoot tips, and hypocotyls. For nodal explants, the highest shoot regeneration frequencies (46.8-53.7) were recorded on media containing 4.4 μM BAP+1 μM IAA or 8.8 μM BAP+1 μM IAA. The lowest regeneration frequency (6.3), obtained on BAPcontaining medium, was observed for hypocotyl explants cultured on medium containing 4.4 μM BAP+1 μM IAA. Elongated shoots were rooted on all of the applied growth regulator treatments and media. The highest rooting rate (92%) was obtained on half-strength MS medium containing 1.1 μM IBA. The well-rooted plantlets were acclimatized successfully in a greenhouse and transferred to soil with 100% survival.

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37 Polyploidy has played a significant role in the evolutionary

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