Field and storage experiments were conducted on cowpea cv. El-Balady during 2004/2006 seasons, to study the influence of some hybrdistillated essential oils and or their aromatic major components as natural antioxidants and safe botanical insecticides on the agronomical performance of it's plants under high temperature condition of late summer season and on the subsequent storability and insect damage of it 's 5 month stored dry seeds on ambient temperature . In this work , seven natural essential oils of thyme, eucalyptus ,clove , pepper mint, marjoram, lemonine and onion were applied in the field as emulsion foliar sprays. Also, three aromatic major components, i.e. thymol, camphor and menthon (crystal volatiles) and three essential oils, of garlic, majoram and MS were applied during storage as natural fumigants in comparison with Alphosphide synthetic one.The obtained results of field exp. and it's storage one revealed that, all the applied essential oils greatly improved the agronomical performance of their plants and storability of their 5 months stored seeds in the two seasons.The most significantly effective ones were thyme, lemonine and pepper mint, respectively, those increased dry wt. of their plants by 32.5,31.4 and 27.1%, total fresh pod yield by 50.7, 46.6 and 28.00% , total seed yield by 198.3, 145.5 and110.0% over those of the control. Also, greatly improved storability and viability of their seeds reduced damage from 100% (control) to 2.2, 3.5 and 4.8%, inf. perforated seeds from 100% (control) to 2.7, 6.6 and 8.2% and wt. losses from 60% (control) to 2.0, 4.2 and 5.8% respectively .Regarding the effect of the fumigants during storage, Al-hposphide was the most effective treatment followed by MS. and thymol (natural ones) those respectively reduced seed damage from 100% to 0%, 0% and 7.5%, inf . perforated seeds from 100% to 1.0% , 2.0% and 8.0% , wt. losses from 60% to 0.4%, 1.5 % and 3.0% respectively.For the best yield and storability of cowpea , foliar sprays of theyme or lemonine oils (2m1/L) 4 times during the growing seasons , also for the best storability of 5 month stored seeds , methyl salicylate (MS) oil 0.5 ml/kg seed applied twice as a storage fumigant were the most recommended natural and safe applications.
Two field experiments were carried out during the two successive summer seasons of 2016 and 2017 at a private farm near Kafr saad center, Damietta Governorate, Egypt to study the impact of NPK fertilization at (100%, 50% and 0% NPK of the recommended doses) and some bio-stimulants (without, effective microorganisms (EM) 2ml/L, microbial mixture 1L/20L, yeast extract 10g/L and seaweed extract 1g/L) as well as their interaction on yield and its components and quality parameters of sweet potato plants Abees cultiver. Obtained results showed that increasing NPK fertilization levels from 0% to 100% of the recommended doses gave significant increments in total yield/fed, dry matter and quality parameters i.e. crude protein (%), total carbohydrates (%), starch%, total sugar %, beta-carotene and vitamin-C (vit.c) in tuberous roots of sweet potato in the two seasons. All bio-stimulants treatments increased significantly of all the previous mentioned parameters and decreased nitrate and nitrite contents in tuberous roots compared with untreated plants, EM gave the best values of all studied parameters. Doses 100 % and 50 % NPK plus EM gave the best significant increases in the studied parameters in both seasons and the interaction between 0% NPK plus EM decreased significantly nitrate and nitrite contents in the both seasons.
Two field experiments were carried out during 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 seasons to study the effect of organic fertilization (farmyard manure "FYM" at the rate of 20 t/fed and humic acid "HA" at the rate of 20 kg/fed), NPK fertilization (50 % of the recommended doses i.e. 40 kg N + 20 kg P 2 O 5 + 40 K 2 O/fed and 100 % of the recommended doses i.e. 80 kg N + 40 kg P 2 O 5 + 80 K 2 O/fed) and foliar spraying with some biostimulants (without, foliar spraying with Stemo at rate of 0.5 ml/liter water, potassium salicylate at rate of 2.0 ml/liter water, Super-grow at rate of 1.5 ml/liter water and mixture of Stemo at rate of 0.25 ml/liter water + K. Sal at rate of 1.00 ml/liter water + Super-grow at rate of 0.75 ml/liter water) as well as their interaction on growth, yield and its components and chemical composition of pea Master B cultivar. The experiment was carried out in a stripsplit plot design with three replications. The obtained results could be summarized as follows:-The maximum means of all studied characters were recorded by humic acid (HA) at the rate of 20 kg/fed, while the minimum values were resulted from using farmyard manure (FYM) at the rate of 20 t/fed in both seasons.-Increasing NPK fertilization levels from 50 % of the recommended doses (40 kg N + 20 kg P 2 O 5 + 40 K 2 O/fed) to 100 % (80 kg N + 40 kg P 2 O 5 + 80 K 2 O/fed) was accompanied with significant increase in all studied characters.-Foliar spraying with mixture exceeded the other treatments with some biostimulants and resulted in the highest means of all studied parameters in both seasons. It could be recommended that organic fertilizing pea plants with humic acid at the rate of 20 kg/fed and mineral fertilizing with 80 kg N + 40 kg P 2 O 5 + 80 K 2 O/fed in addition to foliar spraying three times with the mixture of biostimulants i.e. Stemo at rate of 0.25 ml/liter water + K. Sal at rate of 1.00 ml/liter water + Super-grow at rate of 0.75 ml/liter water in order to maximizing pea growth, yield and quality.
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