Objective:To test the accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) for the quantification of abdominal fat in correlation with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical assessments.Materials and Methods:Using ultrasound and CT, we determined the thickness of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat in 101 subjects-of whom 39 (38.6%) were men and 62 (61.4%) were women-with a mean age of 66.3 years (60-80 years). The ultrasound data were correlated with the anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters, as well as with the areas measured by abdominal CT.Results:Intra-abdominal thickness was the variable for which the correlation with the areas of abdominal fat was strongest (i.e., the correlation coefficient was highest). We also tested the reproducibility of ultrasound and CT for the assessment of abdominal fat and found that CT measurements of abdominal fat showed greater reproducibility, having higher intraobserver and interobserver reliability than had the ultrasound measurements. There was a significant correlation between ultrasound and CT, with a correlation coefficient of 0.71.Conclusion:In the assessment of abdominal fat, the intraobserver and interobserver reliability were greater for CT than for ultrasound, although both methods showed high accuracy and good reproducibility.

LESS procedures are feasible and considered as further refinements in laparoscopic techniques. However, the peculiarities and difficulties inherent in these procedures require a specific training program combining theory and practice. The authors believe that this training is essential to achieve proficiency levels before the technique can be tried on human subjects.

The lung acinus is the most distal portion of the airway responsible for the gas exchange. The normal acini are not visible on conventional computed tomography (CT), but the advent of micro-CT improved the understanding of the microarchitecture of healthy acini. The comprehension of the acinar architecture is pivotal for the understanding of CT findings of diseases that involve the acini. Centriacinar emphysema, for example, presents as round areas of low attenuation due to the destruction of the most central acini with compensatory enlargement of proximal acini due to alveolar wall destruction. In pulmonary fibrosis, intralobular septal fibrosis manifests as acinar wall thickening with an overlap of acinar collapse and compensatory dilation of surrounding acini constituting the cystic disease typical of the usual interstitial pneumonia pattern. This is a stateof-the-art review to describe the acinar structure from the micro-CT perspective and display how the comprehension of the acinar structure can aid in the interpretation of its microarchitecture disruption on conventional CT.

Resumo. Este artigo descreve um comparativo entre dois algoritmos da área de mineração de textos, os quais são utilizados na tarefa de sumarização automática de documentos. Foram comparados nos experimentos o algoritmo clássico de Luhn e o algoritmo GistSumm, sendo realizadas dois tipos de avaliação, ambas utilizando o Português do Brasil como idioma alvo. A primeira consistiu em gerar um resumo de um texto fonte com cada algoritmo,e a avaliação foi conduzida utilizando avaliadores humanos que indicaram a coerência nos resumos de cada um. Por outro lado, a segunda foi conduzida por meio de uma avaliação baseada no resumo, no qual os avaliadores responderam perguntas sobre o texto original possuindo como fonte de consulta somente o resumo gerado pelos algoritmos. Após as análises, foi demonstrado que o algoritmo GistSumm possui maior capacidade para gerar resumos que mantenham a ideia principal do texto, sendo classificado com 81,6% de eficiência no primeiro experimento e 90% no segundo experimento.

No abstract