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Focusing on the works and intellectual activity of the Sakha intelligentsia, this article examines the development of postimperial political imagination in the region of Yakutia. The formation of the Sakha intellectuals was a result of the circulation of wider imperial discourses on nationalism, anticolonialism, socialism, and regionalism during the crisis of the Russian Empire. By discussing the Sakhas’ marginal, even colonial, conditions, the Sakha national intellectuals followed self-governing aspirations inherited from political exiles and Siberian regionalists, whose ideas became frequent demands for many Siberian indigenous movements. Despite the Stalinist myth that the Soviet Union (and its social engineers) created autonomy in Yakutia for the first time in Russian history, it was the Sakha intellectuals who developed the autonomist discourse during the first two decades of the twentieth century.

Ключевые слова: алфавитное строительство; тюркология; якутская интеллигенция; кириллическая и латинизированная графики письменности; языковая реформа; московская и ленинградская научные школы; букварь.

е. п. антонов к Вопросу о трудоВой моБилизации якутоВ В годы перВой мироВой (1916) и граЖданской (1921) Войн Статья посвящена мерам реализации постановления Сибревкома о массовой трудмобилизации якутов на Бодайбинские золотые прииски в годы Гражданской войны 1921 г. Раскрыта деятельность местной власти по призыву трудармейцев, а также ответная реакция якутов в форме откупа от призыва и дезертирства. Показана поддержка якутского населения со стороны Якутгубревкома во главе с П. А. Ойунским, попытавшимся отменить распоряжение о мобилизации на тыловые работы. Выявлена роль трудмобилизации в пробуждении национального самосознания и консолидации якутской нации, а также в возникновении повстанчества в Якутии в 1921-1922 гг. Произведен экскурс в период Первой мировой войны, когда была предпринята попытка мобилизации якутов на добычу золота. Ключевые слова: трудмобилизация, золотые прииски, трудармейцы, мобилизационный план, тыловые работы, учет рабочей силы, медицинское освидетельствование, дезертирство. e. p. antonov military communiSm policy: laBor moBiliZation of yakut to lena gold fieldS in 1921 The article is devoted to measures to implement the resolution of the Sibrevkom on the mass labor mobilization of the Yakuts to the Bodaibo gold mines during the Civil War. The activity of the local government on the call of the labor soldiers, as well as the response of the Yakuts in the form of repurchase from the call and desertion, is disclosed. The support of the Yakut population from the Yakutgubrevkom headed by P. A. Oyunsky, who tried to cancel the order on mobilization for rear work. The role of labor mobilization in the awakening of national identity and the consolidation of the Yakut nation, as well as in the emergence of rebellion in Yakutia in 1921-1922, is revealed. An excursion was made into the First World War period, when an attempt was made to mobilize the Yakuts for gold mining.

The article analyzes the published material is about the burial rites of the tundra Yukagirs of vadulov for over a century (in early XX -in late XX centuries) and the fi eld data of the author collected at the beginning of XXI century. The study time is divided into four chronological periods in accordance with the time of collection of fi eld data : 1902, 1959, 1995 and 2014. All materials grouped into three tables with samples on six topics: "Ritual", "Amulet, absolution", "Clothes", "Inventory", "Riding deer and sacrifi ce", "Gravestone". Comparisons of the data obtained showed the prolongation of individual elements of the burial rites of tundra Yukagirs during the study period. At the same time, throughout the XX century the infl uence of various factors (atheistic propaganda, foreign ethnic borrowing, technological changes) detected by the variability of the individual elements. The changes also depended on the degree of preservation and adherence to their own distinctive cultural traditions. There are the following blocks: the pre-Christian pagan traditions, foreign ethnic (Tungus) borrowings and the infl uence of Christianization. Since the middle of XX century the tendency of reducing the share of traditional vehicles, clothes, tools, utensils in an accompanying burial complex things and replace them with models. These tables shed light on certain issues of Ethnography and traditional culture of the Yukagir people.