Quality of care measures for diabetes are often drawn from a variety of sources. To the extent that data sources are biased, the measures can be misleading. Self-report is likely to lead to an overestimate of eye screening and the measurement of hemoglobin A1C. Reported rates of quality of care should be inspected carefully. The 'same' rate taken from different sources may vary.

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The use of screening components is to keep the emissions of disturbance sources separate from instrument circuits. Their needed screening performance must depend also on the sensitivity and layout of the instrument circuit. An attempt will be made to reconcile screening measurements -related in the main to transfer impedance -with the need to design an instrument system for an environment specified in terms of radiated electromagnetic fields.After detailing some typical screening parameters in units that are at least comparable, the paper will go on to show how these parameters can be used in the specification and design of instrument systems that are adequately immune for use in any electromagnetic environment. The design steps are simplified by using a 'worst case' approach.