This paper discusses different geopolitical approaches to the causes of war. It starts by setting forth the historical relationship between geopolitics and warfare through different authors’ contributions to introduce the main explanations of this matter. In this way, we analyze the role of geography in warfare and its impact on conflicts. That leads us to the organicist perspective, which considers the expansion of the State a natural phenomenon that engenders war. Besides, physical geography also influences war outbreak. The second approach is the disposition of emerged land, which argues that specific places are prone to warfare due to their strategic location. The third approach is the accidental view. Its authors contend that war depends on the geographical distance between countries and border conflicts. Finally, we develop a new perspective based on geopolitical fragmentation to explain the war in modern Europe. This view explores the importance of fragmentation in the formation of the modern State and the shaping of an anarchical environment with the birth of the State’s system. Warfare became a trait of the international system because the modern State was born to wage war, and it became the dominant institution. Therefore, geopolitical fragmentation is the root cause behind violence between States in modern Europe.

In Structure-from-Motion (SfM) applications, the capability of integrating new visual information into existing 3D models is an important need. In particular, video streams could bring significant advantages, since they provide dense and redundant information, even if normally only relative to a limited portion of the scene. In this work we propose a fast technique to reliably integrate local but dense information from videos into existing global but sparse 3D models. We show how to extract from the video data local 3D information that can be easily processed allowing incremental growing, refinement, and update of the existing 3D models. The proposed technique has been tested against two state-of-the-art SfM algorithms, showing significant improvements in terms of computational time and final point cloud density.

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Cómo citar/CitationVidal, E. (2022). La política exterior de la Francia revolucionaria: una aproximación geopolítica desde el realismo neoclásico.