Bei zahlreichen in der Praxis korrosiv beanspruchten Bauteilen kommt neben der Temperatur des Korrosionsmediums dem Warmeubergang zwischen dem Werkstoff und dem Umgebungsmedium eine entscheidende Bedeutung hinsichtlich des Korrosionsverhaltens zu. Um definierte Warmeubergangsbedingungen bei gleichzeitiger Scliwingungsriakorrosionsbeanspruchung zu ermiiglichen, wurde eine entsprechende Versuchseinrichtung entwickelt und vorgestellt .Fur den Versuchswerkstoff 1.4462 ergeben sich unter Warmeubergangsbedingungen in 3%iger NaCI-Losung Zeitschwingfestigkeiten, die oberhalb der isotherm bei Raumtemperatur ermittelten Werte liegen. So betragt bei einer Temperatur der Probe von 58 "C sowie einer Elektrolyttemperatur von 36 "C und der daraus resultierenden Warmestromdichte von 45 kW/m2 die 107-Schwingfestigkeit 410 N/mm2 gegenuber 380 N/mm2 unter isothermen Bedingungen bei Raumtemperatur. Noch deutlicher 1st der Festigkeitsanstieg im Vergleich zu isothermen Versuchen bei 7 0 T , bei denen eine Schwingfestigkeit von 340 N/mm2 beobachtet wurde.Die verbesserten Schwingungsriakorrosionseigenschaften unter Warmeubergangsbedingungen sind auf giinstigere Verhaltnisse bei der Ausbildung der Passivschicht auf der Werkstoffoberflache zuruckzufuhren. Es entsteht eine etwa doppelt so dicke Passivschicht wie bei Raumtemperatur, wodurch die RiBentstehung fur den Schwingungsbruch erschwert wird. Aufgrund lokaler Korrosionserscheinungen wird dieser positive Effekt bei hoheren Warmestromdichten (100 und 150 kW/m2) jedoch etwas abgeschwacht.
Corrosion fatigue behaviour of duplex stainless steel X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5 3 under heat transfer conditionsThe corrosion behaviour of metallic components is not only affected by the temperature of the corrosive environment but also by the heat transfer conditions between the heated material and the cooling agent. Therefore the corrosion fatigue behaviour of the austenitic-ferritic stainless steel X 2 CrNiMoN 22 5 3 (german material-number 1.4462) in 3% NaCI-solution is investigated for isothermal conditions and three different heat transfer conditions. The specimens are tested under cyclic tension load (R = a,/ao = 0) with a frequency of f = 25 Hz up to NGrenz = 10'. The isothermal fatigue strengths are 380 N/mm2 for room temperature and 340 N/mm2 for a temperature of 70°C.For heat transfer conditions between the sinusoidal loaded specimens and the corrosive agent a new developed testing equipment is presented. The corrosion fatigue strength for a heat flux of 45 kW/m2 reaches a value of 410 N/mm*, while the improvement relative to the isothermal room temperature strength is lower for higher heat flux values (100 and 150 kW/m2).The better corrosion fatigue behaviour for heat transfer conditions bases on the favourable conditions for the formation of the passive layer.The thickness of the layer is nearly twice as high as for isothermal room temperature corrosion and therefore the crack initiation is delayed. For higher values of heat flux local corrosion attack is found. With that the positiv effect on corro...
The microstructure and composition of interlayers in ultrasonically welded Al/Al2O3 compounds are investigated by high voltage and high resolution transmission electron microscopy including X‐ray microanalysis. The joining is mainly effected via a 2 to 20 nm thin amorphous interlayer of Al and O, which probably is an oxide with an excess of metal. Oxygen has diffused from alumina toward the metal, with the interlayer probably being a residue of the former oxide layer on the metal or a reaction product caused by the welding process. Numerous crystal defects, unbonded porous regions and microcracks in the ceramic owing to friction and thermal mismatch are observed as well as indications of local transient melting. Different orientations and pre‐treatments do not lead to major changes in the observed interlayer defect structure which possibly governs the quality of the welding procedure and thus the interlayer shear strength.
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