The causes of the global vanadium consumption increase are described and new applications of this metal are given in the article. The main natural sources of vanadium are titanomagnetite, which is a strategic mineral raw material. The current volumes of vanadium extraction from natural raw materials do not match the demand of the market. Therefore there is an urgent need for recycling of secondary and technogenic sources. Partially the basic existing technologies processing vanadium-containing waste are reviewed. The effect of these wastes on the environment and human health is analyzed. The importance of vanadium steel slag recycling for the ecological state of industrial regions, resource-efficiency in expanding the raw material sources of vanadium and reducing the cost of steel production in general is shown. The results of studies on the extraction of vanadium in the form of soluble vanadate of metallurgical vanadium slag using hydrometallurgical processing are demonstrated. The analysis of the received values of the vanadium extraction degree was conducted. The influence of various factors on the completeness of extraction was examined. A significant influence on the vanadium extraction degree of slag chemical composition, the ratio of slag and alkaline additives in the charge, conditions of roasting and leaching was revealed.

The paper considers the theoretical and practical aspects of recycling of secondary aluminium production wastes by adding them to the burden mix in the process of aluminous slag production (from bauxites) in the blast-furnace smelting operation. The comparative analysis of bauxite chemical composition and the secondary aluminium production waste was carried out and the feasibility of using secondary aluminium production waste as a raw material for blast-furnace smelting was studied. A mathematical model was presented to obtain aluminous slag by blast-furnace smelting of bauxites with their partial substitution with the secondary aluminium production waste; this model makes it possible to calculate the rational mixture of burden materials when aluminous slag is produced in a blast furnace taking into account chemical composition of the materials used and the required content of oxides of aluminium, calcium and silicon in the final slag. The high-alumina slag formed when the wastes of secondary aluminium production are used in burden materials is characterized by low gas content during slag tapping (in spite of the elevated temperature) and by high flowability. The laboratory tests of binding properties of the high-alumina slag obtained in a blast furnace using wastes of secondary aluminium production, which were carried out by the plant laboratory, showed that the cements produced from this slag have satisfactory strength characteristics, although their setting time is somewhat longer. Recycling of slag dumps of aluminium production will make it possible to obtain new sources of raw materials, enhance the technology of handling and transportation of materials from man-made mineral formations to recycling plants without increasing the environmental load.

In the article the negative impact of titano-magnetite ore enrichment waste on the environment and the possibility of its use as vanadium-containing raw materials are overviewed. The chemical and mineralogical composition features of various samples of the Kusinsky deposit titanomagnetite ore tails are presented. Different combinations of their roasting processes (with and without salt additives, with oxides, carbonates, or their compositions) and leaching processes (with water or acid) during hydrometallurgical processing were analyzed.The experiment results on the extraction of vanadium in the form of soluble vanadates from the titanomagnetite ore tails by leaching from samples subjected to roasting with soda ash, sodium sulfate, calcium oxide, and sodium chloride in various mass ratios are presented. The significant influence of ore sample chemical composition on the vanadium extraction degree was revealed. It was revealed that for this type of vanadium raw material additives of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate are most preferable from the vanadium extraction degree point of view.

The actuality of exhausted of titanium-magnetite ore deposits wastes is stipulated not only by necessity of their negative impact on environmental elimination, but also by a possibility of application of these wastes as vanadium-containing raw materials. Analysis of existing technological processes for vanadium extraction accomplished. A possibility of vanadium extraction out of Kusinsky deposit titanium-magnetite ore tails studied. Results of experiments on vanadium extraction as soluble vanadates by leaching from the samples after roasting with soda ash, sodium sulfate, calcium oxide, and sodium chloride in various mass ratios presented. It was determined, that additives of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate are the most effective reagents for roasting of this type of vanadium raw materials. A significant effect of titanium-magnetite ore tails chemical composition on the vanadium extraction degree revealed: with an increase content from 0.15% to 0.53% in the ore tails vanadium, the extraction degree increases to 74.8%. When using the sodium chloride reaction additive, it is possible to leach in only one stage using sulfuric acid. Increasing the sodium chloride amount in the roasting mixture leads to a significant increase in the vanadium extraction degree in the leaching solution.

Аннотация. Спрос на ванадий значительно превышает предложение на мировом рынке, что обусловливает актуальность исследований по вовлечению различных сырьевых источников и технологических процессов для увеличения объемов его производства. Выполнены исследования с целью повышения эффективности процесса извлечения ванадия из концентрата титаномагнетитовых руд и хвостов их обогащения. Для исследования использовали образцы обогащенных хвостов и концентрата титаномагнетитовых руд Урала различного химического состава. Изучено влияние температуры обжига, количества и вида реагентов для обжига и выщелачивания на степень извлечения ванадия. В качестве реакционных добавок к шихте при обжиге хвостов обогащения применяли Na 2 CO 3 или NaCl, а при обжиге образцов концентрата -Na 2 CO 3 . Содержание реагента Na 2 CO 3 или NaCl варьировалось и составляло 23, 33, 40 и 50 % от массы шихты. Окислительный обжиг проводили при температурах 700, 850 и 950 ºС. Показано, что при повышении содержания Na 2 CO 3 в шихте с концентратом с 23 до 40 % степень извлечения ванадия возрастает с 36 до 54 %. Увеличение содержания NaCl в шихте с хвостами с 23 до 40 % повышает этот показатель с 32 до 46 %, а при содержании NaCl 50 % степень извлечения ванадия поднимается до 64 %. Увеличение температуры обжига шихты с 700 до 950 °С приводит к повышению степени извлечения ванадия до 71-83,1 % в разных рудных образцах. Осуществлено химическое извлечение ванадия из образцов необожженного концентрата выщелачиванием соляной кислотой НCl. Увеличение концентрации НCl с 10 до 30 % приводит к росту степени извлечения ванадия с 15 до 44 %.Ключевые слова: хвосты обогащения титаномагнетитовой руды, концентрат титаномагнетитовых руд, степень извлечения ванадия, реакционные добавки к шихте, окислительный обжиг, выщелачивание.Ссылка для цитирования: Шубина М.В., Махоткина Е.С. Сравнительный анализ результатов химического извлечения ванадия из хвостов и концентрата титаномагнетитовых руд Урала // Черная металлургия. Бюллетень научно-технической и экономической информации.