A case of pure 12p trisomy was discovered in a 14‐year‐old boy during a cytogenetic survey of Egyptian students attending a school for mentally retarded children. The patient had a normal birth weight but later showed developmental delay. Clinical examination at 14 years of age revealed a high bulging forehead, broad and flat nasal bridge, large mouth with everted lower lip, folded upper ear helix with protuberant antihelix, pectus excavatum, undescended testes, flat feet, generalized hypotonia and moderate mental retardation. Chromosomes analyzed from blood lymphocytes showed an enlarged short arm with an additional band on one of the no. 12 chromosomes. The duplicated chromosomal material extended from 12pter→p12.2, including the LDH‐B locus, which showed a gene‐dosage effect. This extra chromosomal material arose de novo by tandem duplication. The parents' chromosomes were normal.

The anatomical study was carried out using 40 preserved cadaveric specimens of latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps. It included dissections, angiographies and tissue clearing after arterial injection with latex. The results proved that the dominant vascular supply, the thoracodorsal a., has an almost constant pattern of intramuscular distribution. In addition, there are two sets of segmental pedicles, from the intercostal and lumbar vessels, supplying the medial third of the muscle. The accurate localization of the intramuscular distribution of the thoracodorsal a. permitted the proper design of several island flaps with competent vascularity. The designed flaps were successfully applied in 10 cases for reconstruction of breast, axilla, neck and chest wall.

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Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical disorder developed by bacterial blood stream infections in neonates. CBC indices, such as platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), PDW have been used as markers of systemic inflammation in children and adults. Objective: To assess MPV and platelets function in neonatal sepsis. Patients and Methods: This study was a case control, which included 50 cases and 50 controls. All participants were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, CBC, C-reactive protein, blood cultures and assessment of mean platelets volume.Results: There was a significant decrease in haemoglobin level, RBCs count, and platelet count. While, there was significant increase in WBCs count and MPV in the patient group than in the control group. Mean value of platelet count was statistically significantly lower among cases than in control. MPV was significantly higher in patients than controls. PDW was statistically significantly lower among cases than in controls. MPV showed significant negative correlation with gestational age, birth weight and platelet count. While it showed statistically significant positive correlation with CRP. Conclusion:Mean value of platelet count and PDW were statistically significant lower among cases than in control while MPV was significantly higher in patients than in controls. So, platelet function could be a useful early diagnostic marker in neonatal sepsis.