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Abstract. 1 The perspective of glass-ceramic high-strength materials used for personal armor elements has been established. The methodological approach has been developed and the choice of initial lithium aluminosilicate system for obtaining high-strength lightweight glassceramic materials has been substantiated. The glass formation area in the chosen system was studied, and model glasses were synthesized. Features of crystal structure formation during heat treatment of the developed model glasses were investigated. As a result, high-strength glass-ceramic materials have been developed. It has been determined that they possess high performance characteristics and can be used in manufacturing of modern composite armor.

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It is found that the most informative and universal method of determining the biocidal properties of glass coatings is a quantitative method that takes account of the level of growth of biotest microorganisms seeded in liquid nutrients. It is shown that biocidality with respect to the bacteria Escherichia coli and the fungi Candida albicans of glass ceramic and composite glass coatings based on Na 2 O-CaO-ZnO-TiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 glass is determined by the presence of calcium phosphates, zinc titanates, the bactericidal filler zinc phosphate in their structure. Depending on their inhibiting action biocidal glass ceramic and composite glass coatings can be used to protect different kinds of steel enamelware.

The mechanism of microliquation in R 2 O -RO -TiO 2 -P 2 O 5 -R 2 O 3 -SiO 2 glasses is established. In these glasses, after heat treatment drop liquation leads to finely disperse volume sitallization of the crystalline component of the glass undergoing liquation. The formation of secondary spherical nonuniformities about 1 nm in size with drop-like formations intensifies the crystallization of glass after heat-treatment.An important problem in the production of finely disperse volume crystallized glasses is to establish the mechanism and kinetics of the initial stages of phase separation in them. It is known [1] that metastable liquation as an intermediate stage on the way to crystallization is energetically more favorable than stable crystallization, since the fluctuation nature of the micro-nonuniformities has a large effect on the separation of the glass during the precrystallization period [2]. The liquation mechanism of nucleation creates conditions for a uniform sitallized structure with formation of nano-and microsize crystalline phases, which largely determine the physicochemical and operational properties of crystal glass materials.Assuring microheterogeneity of the glasses by means of phase separation, the glass compositions are chosen on the corresponding phase diagrams in the region of existence of metastable liquation. It was established that the silicate systems R 2 O -RO -TiO 2 -P 2 O 5 -R 2 O 3 -SiO 2 are characterized by quite wide regions of liquation. In general, the main reason for liquation in oxide systems is an electrostatic force interaction between the melt ions and the associated striving of the modifier cations and glass-forming cations to create an environment from oxygen anions in accordance with the coordination numbers. In addition, the stronger the field of the modifier cation, the stronger the tendency toward liquation is.It is of special interest to study the particulars of liquation processes in calcium silico-phosphate glasses containing the cations Ti 4+ and Zn 2+ .In titanium-containing glasses TiO 2 performs two functions depending on its structural role. For this reason, titanium whose cations will replace silicon in the structure of silicate glass determines its crystallization power, or its proneness to undergo separation [2].Titanium ions, whose field strength is Z k /a 2 = 1.25(6) (according to Dietzel) and bond strength with oxygen Ti 4 4+ 445(4), Ti 6 4+ 306(6) kJ/mole, are compatible with the silicon-oxygen network only to content TiO 2 » 5%. 3 For this reason, for high content of this oxide it can be supposed that wide regions of liquation exist in titanium-containing systems. The size of these regions as well as the intensity of the liquation processes depend on the type and number of alkali R 2 O and alkali-earth metals RO, which determines the width of the region in the system RO(R 2 O) -TiO 2 . Compared with magnesium and calcium ions, zinc ions are characterized by high field strength Z k /a 2 = 0.6(4), 0.52(6) and bond strength with oxygen 300(4) and 142(6) k...