Neste segundo artigo sobre sistemas hamiltonianos, apresentamos o método da explosão (blow-up) para a determinação da natureza de pontos fixos (pontos de equilíbrio) degenerados. Aplicamos o método a dois modelos hamiltonianos com um e dois graus de liberdade, respectivamente. Primeiramente, analisamos um sistema formado por um pêndulo simples submetido a um torque externo constante. Em seguida, consideramos um sistema formado por um pêndulo duplo com segmentos de comprimentos e massas iguais, também submetidos a torques externos constantes e não nulos. A presença de pontos de equilíbrio degenerados nos casos dos pêndulos simples e duplo ocorre para certos valores dos torques externos. Palavras-chave: pontos de equilíbrio degenerados, método da explosão, sistemas hamiltonianos.In this second article on hamiltonian systems, we present the blow-up method for the determination of the nature of degenerate fixed points (equilibrium points). We apply the method to two hamiltonian models with one and two degrees of freedom respectively. Firstly we study a system formed by a simple pendulum subjected to a constant external torque. Then we consider a system formed by a double pendulum of segments with equal lengths and masses, also subjected to nonvanishing constant external torques. The presence of degenerate equilibrium points in both cases of simple and double pendulums occurs for some values of the external torques.
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