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In 2000-2001 the specialists of TsAGI and ILIT of the Russian Academy of Sciences developed the photopolymeric molds and tried up the technology of producing in these molds the wing tips of a complicated shape made of composite materials. During further development a complicated hybrid structure of a balance aerodynamic model was generated including primary metallic elements, contour-forming elements made of composites as well as separate contour-forming elements made directly from photopolymer. Prospects for extending this technology to dynamic and elastic models are considered.*

Abstract. The study of how aircraft icing influences on aircraft aerodynamic performance is very important for developing measures and recommendation to improve aircraft flight safety. The effective method of aerodynamic processes modeling is experiment in wind (aerodynamic) tunnel or water (hydrodynamic) tunnel. They allow to perform experiments with a scaled model of an aircraft affected by icing and to visualize the wing flow process and changes caused by icing. While visualization of the wing flow yields useful qualitative information about flow, it is more important to retrieve quantitative 3D data of flow, which allows to forecast icing process and to develop anti-icing techniques and recommendations.The presented study addresses to creating an photogrammetric system and 3D measurement techniques for quantitate evaluation of 3D flow parameters in a hydrodynamic tunnel for aircraft icing influence exploration. Being an initial part of a long-term research project, this study is aimed at developing of an accurate calibration technique of the photogrammetric system for 3D measurement in condition of two optical media interfaces. The developed algorithms for imaging process through two optical media interfaces are used in calibration procedure and object 3D coordinates measuring. The results of the photogrammetric system calibration are given in comparison with standard (single media) case. Experimental 3D reconstruction of a typical object demonstrated high accuracy of the developed algorithms.

In the last third of the last century, important progress was made in developing the scientific basis for oxidized asphalt production technology. The classification of crude oils and mathematical model developed allow quantitatively predicting the basic parameters of asphalt production based on vacuum distillation and oxidation process using the reference properties of the crude oil. Key words: oxidized asphalt, prediction, classification of crude oils, mathematical model.The evolution of technology for production of any product usually passes through the stage of engineering art where decision-making is based on separate facts and is heuristic in character. Gradual accumulation of knowledge leads to generalizations that allow making decisions based on rigorous calculations. This collected knowledge, which allows quantitatively predicting the basic parameters of product production technology, can be called science.The results of development of domestic asphalt production technology, more precisely, its material implementation, over the last third of the 20 th century were generalized previously in [1]. The reasons for selecting this period of time were discussed there. The present article concerns the development of scientific views in asphalt technology in the same time period. We first analyzed the reviews in monographs published in the mainstream press and articles in the journals Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel [Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils] and Neftepererabotka i Neftekhimiya [Oil Refining and Petrochemistry] , since the most important events and facts would be reflected on the pages of these publications. We focused most attention on the developments that markedly influenced the development of the prognostic basis of the technology and thus confirmed the right to call it scientific. Many publications that do not consider approaches to the quantitative prediction of some parameters of a technology are not discussed based on the same criterion. Perhaps enough time has not yet passed for a reliable evaluation of such publications.The area of application of asphalts is primarily determined by their consistency. Determination of the degree of softness of asphalts is based on methods of testing that determine arbitrary characteristics; ductility, i.e., the capacity to be drawn into a thread; softening point; penetration, i.e., the depth of needle penetration in asphalt [2, 3].Such tests, although conducted by methods generally accepted in world practice, do not essentially differ from the methods of assessing quality used at the dawn of asphalt production -for example, by pressing with a fingernail.

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