Formation of tumors is associated with accumulation of different genetic and epigenetic changes. The current review summarizes the recent data on molecular markers of human ovarian cancer, as well as provides analysis of the contribution of epigenetic markers for early cancer diagnostics. Specificities of functioning of signaling pathways are considered in the context of searching for possible oncomarkers. The importance of complex evaluation of molecular changes for correct diagnostics and prognosis of ovarian cancer is demonstrated.