On the basis of a specially developed statistical matrix, which includes more than 50 parameters, 179 conclusions of post-mortem complex forensic psychiatric-psychological expertises carried out in various regions of Russia were analyzed. Typical psychological and psychopathological factors in genesis of suicidal behavior of children and adolescents were identified. The article describes the main psychic disorders diagnosed in minors, among which a high percentage of psychogenic states is noteworthy. Special attention is paid to suicidal statements and attempts, addictive behavior in the pre-suicidal period, adolescents’ means of communication (social networks). The extremely low frequency of requests for specialized assistance to specialists (psychiatrists, psychologists) was noted. It indicates the increased need for psychoeducational measures among the general population. The prospects of interdisciplinary research, which can reveal more differentiated characteristics of suicidal behavior in minors, are outlined.
The results of the joint psychiatric-psychological examination of 175 victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) are presented. A complex of methods and techniques was used, including semi-structured interview for detection of posttraumatic stress in children, inventories for quality of life and maladjustment assessment, a battery of methods applied in the forensic psychiatric-psychological expertise, statistical methods. In the framework of the clinical and psychological (non-clinical) levels psychological consequences of CSA in accordance with the psychic state of victims were revealed. 4 groups of consequences with different intensity are described: psychogenic state in form of disorder (1) and psychogenic state in form of reaction (2) (clinical level); unfavorable psychological state (3) and minimally unfavorable state (4) (psychological level). It was stated that the more severe is the victim’s psychic disturbance, from minimally unfavorable to psychic disorder, the broader is the range of psychological, personality spheres involved the bigger is the number and the intensity of symptoms of posttraumatic reactions. Psychological consequences displayed by mentally healthy victims of CSA indicate, though, their quality of life impairment.
The article presents the results of a comprehensive psychological and psychiatric study of 155 juvenile victims of sexual violence and abuse. The article states the most common psychological consequences of experienced sexual violence and abuse in various spheres of mental activity among groups of boys and girls. The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of these consequences have significant differences in the groups of victims, depending on the mental condition and gender. It was found that common symptoms are manifested in the emotional-volitional, semantic and behavioral spheres. The gender specifics of the consequences of sexual violence and abuseamong girls mostly appear in internal forms (feelings of guilt, difficulties in establishing social contacts, negative attitude to male role models, close relationships). While external forms of that consequences prevail among boys (increased excitability, reactions aggression, opposition and negativism, sexualized behavior, hypermasculine compensation) alongside increased mental stress, sense of shame, violation of gender-role identity, complaints of disturbance in the somatic sphere and a decrease of productivity in school.
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