For the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region, efficiency of preparations for presowing treatment of seeds as regulators of the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses and spring wheat productivity for different regionalized varieties were assessed. To obtain stable phytosanitary agrocenoses, in the Middle Volga region, Kinel Yubileynaya variety should be cultivated with pre-sowing seed treatment using Epin Extra.

No abstract

Для условий лесостепи Среднего Поволжья проведена сравнительная оценка эффективности препаратов для предпосевной обработки семенного материала как регуляторов фитосанитарного состояния агроценозов и урожайности яровой пшеницы на разных районированных сортах культуры в регионе. Полевая всхожесть активно увеличивалась при обработке Эпином Экстра, НВ 101, янтарной кислотой и Цирконом. Эффективно снижал поврежденность агроценозов полосатой блошкой регулятор роста НВ 101. Изреживаемость посевов ростковой мухой существенно снижали также регуляторы роста Эпин Экстра, янтарная кислота и Циркон. Данные за период проведения исследований отражают некоторое положительное действие для снижения повреждений посевов яровой пшеницы клопом-черепашкой в агроценозах с обработкой семян регуляторами роста Иммуноцитофит, Эпин Экстра и НВ 101. стабильно уменьшали зараженность колониями возбудителями корневых гнилей химические протравители-Максим и Витарос. Регуляторы роста Иммуноцитофит и Эпин экстра так же существенно снижали заселенность корневыми гнилями, особенно на малозараженном зерне. Возбудители корневых гнилей эффективнее угнетались в агроценозах сортов Кинельская Юбилейная и Кинельская Нива регулятором роста-янтарной кислотой, а в посеве сорта Кинельская Отрада-Цирконом. Для получения стабильной фитосанитарной ситуации в агроценозах изучаемой культуры рекомендуется возделывание в Среднем Поволжье сорта яровой пшеницы Кинельская Юбилейная с предпосевной обработкой семян регулятором роста Эпин Экстра.

Samer-2 is an undoubted leader in terms of attractiveness as a feed plant both in particular years and on average during the study years. A lower pest population, even in a year with a high number of pests, was shown by Cordoba variety. The rest of the studied varieties can be attributed to medium level of feed preference for cotton budworm. The observed pattern can presumably be explained by the difference in chemical composition of different varieties of soybean, which should be confirmed by further research, as well as by density of soybean plants. The best varieties in terms of protein content in our studies were Prudence, Alaska and Protina; the latter variety does not consistently accumulate this protein, which depends on weather conditions and other factors. The lowest grain moisture was shown by Alaska soybean variety, the agrocenosis of which had a low plant density. And conversely, the wettest grain had Samer-2 variety with a high number of plants per 1 m2. On average, over three years of observation, the best and consistently high yield was shown by Cordoba variety, due to, for one of the reasons, high resistance to damage by the cotton budworm. An opposite situation was observed for Protina and Samer-2 variants, a significant number of caterpillars of the studied phytophage led to a substantial yield decrease of these varieties, especially in the year favorable for development of this pest. Prudence and Alaska variants can be classified as medium-suppressed varieties with medium yields. To obtain a stable phytosanitary situation and obtain high-quality soybean crop, it is more expedient to cultivate Cordoba (high-yield) and Prudence (high-protein) varieties, with application of Biosleep BV, Zh insecticide (4 l / ha) for effective protection against cotton budworm.

The purpose of the research is comparative evaluation of drugs for pre-treatment of seeds as regulators of phytosanitary state of agrocenosis of spring wheat yield on different zoned varieties. The damage agrocnosises spring wheat in both years of observation all studied phytophages was below the EPV. On average data best to reduce crop damage striped flea beetles appeared variant NV_101 seed treatment less effective – preparations succinic acid, Appin Extra and Zircon. Among the varieties studied agrocnosises longer damaged by striped flea grade Kinelsky Otrada, less susceptible due to pre-sowing seed treatments were Kinelsky Niva and Kinelsky Anniversary. Chinch actively feeding during the growing during the 2015 compared with 2014, but to reveal the regularities of pre-treatment of seeds of spring wheat on the central leaf desiccation failed when feeding chinch. Presowing treatment of seed of spring wheat had a positive impact on reducing the number of sprout damage on the fly all the studied drugs, indirect impact on the increased resistance to pests damage plants provided growth regulators. Chemical disinfectants – Maxim and Vitaros – consistently reduced the infestation of fungi colonies in two years of investigations. But it should be noted that the growth regulators Appin Extra and Immunotsitofit also significantly reduced the number of agents of root rot, especially on small infected grain. Chemical disinfectants steadily reduced the infestation of grain only at grade Kinelsky Anniversary, other varieties disinfectants showed better performance only on heavily infected grain. The use of growth regulators in the pre-processing of spring wheat variety Kinelsky Anniversary, affected, of course, is positive on the phytosanitary state of the spring wheat crop, that resulting in higher yields.