The kinetics of the reaction of benzyl bromide with thiourea was studied in different pure (protic and aprotic) solvents and the rate data was correlated using linear multiple regression analysis. From the regression coefficients which describe the susceptibility of rate to different solvent parameters, information regarding the solvent-reagent, and the solvent-intermediate interactions was obtained and solvation models were proposed.Applicability of the Swain-Scott free energy relationship was tested using different sulphur nucleophiles in acetonitrile solvent and the nucleophilicity constant of N-acetylthiourea was computed as 2.74 from the regression line.

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SYNOPSISFree radical copolymerization of ethyl methacrylate (EMA) and acrylamide ( AA) was carried out in the presence of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile ( AIBN ) in dimethyl formamide (DMF) at 60°C. The percentage composition of the copolymers were established by elemental analysis. The copolymerization reactivity ratios were determined by both FinemanRoss (F-R) and Kelen-Tudos (K-T) methods. The copolymers were characterized by IR, 'H-NMR, thermal, and dielectric studies. Glass transition temperatures ( Tg) have been determined by DSC. The solubility parameter of this copolymer was evaluated by studying the intrinsic viscosity in different solvents. I NTRO DUCT10 NAcrylic copolymers have acquired prime importance in various avenues of industrial application^.'-^ They serve as basic materials for the preparation of formulations that are used as base and top coats in leather industry. Saini et al.4 studied the free radical copolymerization of acrylamide ( AA ) -methyl methacrylate and AA-styrene. Copolymerization of acrylamide with styreneY5 n -butyl acrylate, acrylic acid,7 methyl vinyl ketone,' acrylo nitrile,g and methacrylic acid" were also studied by various workers in the past few years. In our earlier paper, l1 we determined the reactivity ratios of methacrylamide with ethyl methacrylate (EMA) . In the present investigation, reactivity ratios, thermal electrical properties, and solubility parameters of EMA-AA copolymer systems are studied. EXPERIMENTALEthyl methacrylate (Fluka) was purified from inhibitor by washing with 5% sodium hydroxide in water, and dried over calcium chloride and distilled twice under reduced pressure. Acrylamide was crys- tallized from chloroform. 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile ( AIBN) (Fluka) was crystallized from methanol. N,N-Dimethyl formamide (DMF) (Qualigens) was reagent grade product and was dried and purified by distillation before use.All experiments were performed in glass tubes filled with dry monomers, solvents, and initiator. The tubes were then sealed in a nitrogen atmosphere and introduced into the thermostat at desired temperature. The reaction was allowed to go for less than 10% conversion, the reactions were stopped by adding excess volume of water as nonsolvent, and the copolymers were precipitated, washed thoroughly with ether and hexane to remove DMF and unreacted monomer. Reprecipitation was done from acetone solution. The total concentration was kept constant at (1.6 mol/L monomers). The initiator was used at 0.6 g/L solvent.The IR spectra of the copolymers were recorded with Perkin-Elmer model spectrophotometer.'H-NMR spectra were recorded from CDC13 solution using a EM-360 60 MHz spectrometer. The glass transition temperatures, Tg , of the copolymers were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 8OC/min. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out using a Dupont 900 thermobalance in air at a heating rate of 8"C/min.The integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT)12 values were determined from a 1521

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Oxidation of lactic acid, α-hydroxyphenyllacetic acid and its 4-chloro derivative with quinolinium dichromate (QDC) in 30% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid at 303 K are first order in QDC and first-order in hydroxy acids. The reactions are acid-catalyzed and a medium of low dielectric constant favours the oxidation. The products are the corresponding aldehydes. Thermodynamic parameters are evaluated and a mechanism involving a C-C bond cleavage is proposed.