We present a theory of coherent propagation and energy/power transfer in low dimension array of coupled nonlinear waveguides. It is demonstrated that in the array with non-equal cores (e.g. with the central core) the stable steady-state coherent multi-core propagation is possible only in the nonlinear regime-with a power controlled phase matching. The developed theory of energy/power transfer in nonlinear discrete systems is rather generic and has a range of potential applications including both high power fibre lasers and ultra-high-capacity optical communication systems.

We present modulation instability analysis including azimuthal perturbations of steady-state continuous wave (CW) propagation in multicore-fiber configurations with a central core. In systems with a central core, a steady CW evolution regime requires power-controlled phase matching, which offers interesting spatial-division applications. Our results have general applicability and are relevant to a range of physical and engineering systems, including high-power fiber lasers, optical transmission in multicore fiber, and systems of coupled nonlinear waveguides.

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