Quinoa flour has high nutritional qualities and is a promising source of functional food ingredients for baked goods. Quinoa was successfully used for enriching wheat bread by domestic and foreign researchers. However, increasing the concentration of quinoa flour decreases the volume yield of wheat bread. This study ultimately aims to increase the organoleptic and structural indexes and the microbiological stability of bread enriched by 17% quinoa flour and 2% wheat protein isolate. We compared the qualities of bread baked using different traditional methods: direct method, indirect method (sponge and dough), and direct method with lactic acid bacteria starter added (LABs from now onward). Compared to other methods, the LABs method decreased the fermentation time, increased air pocket formation, and shaped stability. The addition of LABs starter to the direct quinoa-enriched bread baking method increased the microbiological stability, decreased the staling speed, and reduced rope spoilage risk.
Quinoa, as semi-grain culture, has a high nutritional and biological content. Its chemical composition surpasses the traditional grain crops by many nutrients. This work aims to develop the technological recipe for bakery products from 1st-grade wheat flour enriched with quinoa ingredients in order to improve consumer quality and physicochemical parameters of the bread. A study of the nutritional value and physicochemical Quality of bread was carried out by introducing quinoa flour in the range of 5 to 30% in the recipe. An increase in the content of quinoa flour more than 15-20% led to a decrease in the volumetric yield of final products. For mitigate the negative impact of high concentrations of quinoa flour, dry wheat gluten was added in an amount of 0–5% to the bread recipe. Using the compositional uniform-rotatable experiment-planning program “MAT STAT” and a graphical interpretation of the results obtained, the receipt of wheat bread enriched with protein, dietary fibre, minerals and B vitamins was optimized. The enriched bread samples showed an increase in protein content from 7.0 to 11, 5%, the content of dietary fibre increased and amounted to 16.2%, thiamine–17.8%, magnesium–∼ 24.5%, iron–16.7% and phosphorus–19.4% of the daily requirement. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to add quinoa and dry wheat gluten in an amount of 17 to 20% and 2%, respectively to the recipe.
В настоящее время активно развивается сегмент производства хлеба с применением целого зерна, содержащего достаточное количество витаминов, минеральных веществ и пищевых волокон. Однако технологические параметры приготовления зернового хлеба, формирование его качества находятся в зависимости от свойств используемого сырья. В статье изучено влияние различных технологических параметров подготовки зерна для выработки диспергированной зерновой массы. Экспериментально установлена взаимосвязь массы зерна пшеницы, получаемой после шелушения, и группы качества клейковины, преимущественно обусловленная ее упругими свойствами и физическим состоянием поверхностных слоев зерна. Установлена зависимость выхода диспергированной зерновой массы от режимов замачивания зерна, подтвержденная данными водопоглощения зерна в процессе его гидротермической обработки. При проведении анализа аминокислотного состава белков зерна установлено, что общее количество аминокислот в зерне после замачивания снижается по сравнению с зерном до замачивания. Определены режимы замачивания для зерна, различающегося по свойствам, даны рекомендации, обеспечивающие стабильность качества диспергированной зерновой массы.
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