Objective:To investigate the mortality and disability rates after surgical treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in patients older than 60 years old.Method:In this retrospective study, 385 patients aged 60 or older who were admitted because of intertrochanteric fracture to treatment and teaching center of Emam Khomeini hospital of Ahvaz, Iran between Mar. 2010 to Feb. 2015 and underwent surgery were included. All the patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation by dynamic hip screw. Two hundred and six patients were men (53.5%) and 179 were women (46.4%). Age of patients was between 60 to 89 years old with the average of 75.2 years old. Minimum time required after surgery to enter this study was one year. Results were gathered based on examination of patient or calling patients and their families by phone number.Result:Rate of mortality was 36.9%, including 54.9% for men and 41.9% for women. In eleven patients (2.85%), initial reduction was lost because of failure of fixation device. For these patients reoperation was performed, and 7 of them (63.63%) expired within the mean of 10.1 months after reoperation. Time delay for surgery after occurrence of the fracture was in range of 2 to 15 days with an average of 4.8 days.24 patients (6.23%) went under surgery later than one week after fracture had been happened which seven of them (29.16%) expired. Highest mortality rate was in the age group of 80-89 years old with 50 patients (63.01%) and lowest one was in the group of 60-69 years old with three patients (4.67%). Disability rate and quality of life of the patients was measured by Modified Harris Hip Score and divided in 3 group of good (with a score of 71 to 90), fair (with a score of 51 to 70) and weak (with a score of 0 to 50). Patients who had good score consisted of 35.54% of patients with the average age of 64.63 years old and majority of male patients, fair group consisted of 30.5% of patients with average age of 73.45 years old and equal percentage of male and female patients and for Weak group it was 34.2% and 73.45 years old and by majority of male patients.Conclusion:Mortality rate of intertrochanteric fracture of femur is high even after treated with surgery and it’s highly related to age of patient. Furthermore, quality of life after surgery is still low and follow up of the patients should be improved.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the utmost common chronic liver disorder that happens through all age groups and is identified to occur in 14%-30% of the general population, demonstrating a critical and grossing clinical issue because of the growing incidence of obesity and overweight. From the histological aspect, it looks like alcoholic liver damage, but it happens in patients who avoid remarkable alcohol usage. NAFLD comprises a broad spectrum, ranging from benign hepatocellular steatosis to inflammatory nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), different levels of fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Patients with NASH are more susceptible to more rapid progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is no single factor that drives proceeding from simple steatosis to NASH. However, a combination of multi parameters such as genetic background, gut microflora, intake of high fat/ fructose dietary contents or methionine/choline-deficient diet, and consequently accumulated hepatocellular lipids mainly including triglycerides and also other bio-analytes, such as free fatty acids, cholesterol, and phospholipids display a crucial role in disease promotion. NAFLD is related to overweight and insulin resistance (IR) and is regarded as the hepatic presentation of the metabolic syndrome, an amalgamation of medical statuses such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and visceral obesity. Despite the increasing prevalence of this disease, which imposes a remarkable clinical burden, most affected patients remain undiagnosed in a timely manner, largely related to the asymptomatic entity of NAFLD patients and the unavailability of accurate and efficient noninvasive diagnostic tests. However, liver biopsy is considered a gold standard for NAFLD diagnosis, but due to being expensive and invasiveness is inappropriate for periodic disease screening. Some noninvasive monitoring approaches have been established recently for NAFLD assessment. In addition to the problem of correct disease course prediction, no effective therapeutic modalities are approved for disease treatment. Imaging techniques can commonly validate the screening and discrimination of NAFLD; nevertheless, staging the disease needs a liver biopsy. The present therapeutic approaches depend on weight loss, sports activities, and dietary modifications, although different insulin-sensitizing drugs, antioxidants, and therapeutic agents seem hopeful. This review aims to focus on the current knowledge concerning epidemiology, pathogenesis, and different biochemical experiments and imaging modalities applied to diagnose the different grades of NAFLD and its management, as well as new data about pharmacological therapies for this disorder.