Traditionally, FDI is designed to improve the recipient economies thereby enhancing economic growth and development, it is in this view that many developing countries attract foreign investors with the hope of strengthening their economy by increasing the foreign investment portfolio. However, most empirical analysis of the impact of FDI on economic growth advises otherwise, hence, a controversy. According to the existing literature, some empirical results found a negative relationship between FDI and economic growth, while others opined that as FDI increases, it results in a boost of output productivity, hence a positive relationship between the variables (Emmanuel, 2016). Therefore, this study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the effects of FDI both on the owner, and the host country, using Nigeria as a case study.

Technological innovation in developing countries is inherently identified with the transfer of technology from the advanced country via trade, FDI and importation of capital and intermediate goods, machinery and other forms of embodied technology (ETC). This is due to low investments in in-house research and development (R&D) activities by local producers, hence, the need for technology transfer and spillover. This study contributes to existing knowledge by examining the empirical short-run and the long-run relationship between technological innovation and economic growth, a case study of Nigeria using the ARDL model on annual time series data spanning from 1980-2018. The f-bound cointegration test shows a long-run relationship among the variables at 5% significant level. Overall, is the results show a positive relationship between innovation in the form of technology transfer and spillover, and economic growth at 5% level of significance. Based on these findings, we propose that technological innovation should be encouraged; however, in-house innovation activities (R&D) should be encouraged due to its peculiarity to the economic structure of the country.

There has been a lot of controversy on the effects of labour emigration and remittances on economic growth and development in the sending countries. Some concluded a significant positive impact, while others failed to identify a direct link between labour and remittance inflow, and economic development. This study therefore empirically estimates the effects of international labour emigration and remittances on economic development in Nigeria, using annual time series data for the period 1977-2021. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) is employed to analyse the model. Findings suggest a significant positive effect on economic development in Nigeria. Therefore, we recommend that the government should be more involved in labour emigration by establishing policies that protect migrants in their host countries thereby ensuring their stability for effective productivity.

There have been a lot of controversies on the effects of labour emigration and remittances on economic growth and development in the sending countries. Some concluded a significant positive impact, while others failed to identify a direct link between labour and remittance inflow and economic development. This study therefore, empirically estimated the effects of international labour emigration and remittances on economic development in Nigeria, using annual time series data for the period 1977-2021. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) was employed to analyze the model. Findings suggested a significant positive effect on economic development in Nigeria. Therefore, we concluded that labour migration is an alternative source of income in Nigeria that positively enhanced economic development, hence, should not be discouraged (ceteris paribus).

Labour emigration is considered an alternative source of income and earnings in developing countries, particularly, those with large populations and high unemployment rates. This paper empirically investigates the relationship between income inequality and labour emigration, and the effects of labour emigration on income inequality in the source country using Nigeria as evidence. Annual time series on income inequality (Gini coefficient), remittance inflow, net migration rate and others are variables used for the model covering the span of 41 years (1980-2021) Correlation Matrix and the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) models are employed to estimate the model. The findings reveal that the correlation relationship between labour emigration and income inequality in sending country (Nigeria) is a very weak positive one (0.39). While the OLS shows an insignificant positive relationship. This implies that a direct significant link between income inequality and labour emigration at the macro level was not established. Therefore, labour mobility should not be restricted, but rather restructured to maximise the full benefits at the macro level in Nigeria.