The practice of structural fire safety engineering remains to be case-specific and the estimation of fire resistance of structures is mostly deterministic. Many researchers in structural fire engineering utilize the performancebased design method but these studies do not include the inherent uncertainties in both the demand and capacity. This paper investigates the structural fire reliability of tall buildings based on the framework used for earthquake hazard by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) and Eurocode. The financial district of Istanbul in Turkey is taken as a case study for this research. Parameters such as building type and height, structural system, number of floors, floor area, number of elevators and stairs, the use of fire suppression systems, evacuation routes are provided by the municipalities in order to develop a probabilistic methodology to estimate the fire safety of these structures. The analysis is conducted by estimating the intensity or the hazard curve as described by PEER framework. The hazard domain includes random variables such as the fire load, the opening factor, the fire duration and the maximum fire temperature. The findings of this research will provide essential information on the fire safety risk of each tall building in a densely populated financial district. It will allow the municipalities and fire brigades to have a probabilistic risk assessment of these structures and develop evacuation and human rescue plans accordingly in case of a fire hazard. Further, this research will provide useful data to insurance companies to estimate fire hazard insurance premiums. KEYWORDSStructures in fire, structural fire safety and reliability, performance based design, probabilistic analysis.