Research has consistently shown the importance of affirmative practice when therapists work with lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer/questioning (LGBQ) clients. However, less is known about factors that may influence the extent to which clients benefit from affirmative practice. The present study intends to address this gap by examining whether LGBQ affirmative practice would be positively associated with psychological well-being, and whether individuals factors including internalized homophobia (IH), reciprocal filial piety (RFP; providing care and support for parents based on affective bonding), and authoritarian filial piety (AFP; showing unconditional obedience to parents based on parental authority) would moderate this relationship. A total of 128 Chinese LGBQ clients (50% male, 38.3% female, and 11.7% nonbinary/gender queer; age: M = 25.26 years, SD = 5.46) from 21 provinces and regions completed the online survey. Results revealed that LGBQ affirmative practice was positively associated with psychological well-being after controlling for LGBQ clients' pretherapy distress and therapists' credibility. Such association was greater for LGBQ clients who had higher levels of IH and AFP, whereas such effect did not vary with RFP. This study provides preliminary empirical evidence for the effectiveness of LGBQ affirmative practice in psychological health among Chinese LGBQ clients. Moreover, LGBQ affirmative practice might be more helpful for LGBQ clients with higher IH and AFP. These findings implicate that Chinese counselors and therapists should engage in LGBQ affirmative practice when they work with LGBQ clients, especially for those who have high levels of IH and AFP. Public Significance StatementLesbian, gay, bisexual, queer/questioning (LGBQ) affirmative practice might be an effective approach to promote Chinese LGBQ clients' psychological well-being. Moreover, Chinese LGBQ clients who endorse high levels of internalized homophobia and authoritarian filial piety may acquire extra benefits of psychological well-being than those with low levels of internalized homophobia and authoritarian filial piety.

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