Taking a leap from the perspective of organizational citizenship behaviour, pro-social behaviour examines how volunteering intentions such as helping or assisting colleagues, to how collaboration tendencies such as selfless or willful participation in workplace functions, events and issues can affect or influence administrative sustainability and longevity. This study examines the impact of pro-social behaviours on workplace performance and sustainability of university administration. Adopting the survey research design, respondents comprised both the academic and non-academic staff of the University of Nigeria, Enugu campus. The data collected were analyzed using the simple linear regression tools of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, Version 20. Findings revealed that volunteering impacts the longevity development of university administration, while collaboration affects the competitive edge of university administration. The study thus concluded that pro-social behaviours influence the performance and sustainability of university administration.
Subsidies and Donations are veritable tools that are supposed to engender effective performance in Microfinance institutions. On the face value, subsidies seem to be very positive but they can be counterproductive when related to their effects on performance, efficiency and self-sustainability of the Microfinance institutions. This paper therefore focuses on the assessment and review of issues relating to Subsidy/Donation and their effect on Performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) in Nigeria. The methodology adopted is descriptive in nature and secondary source of data were made use of. Our review revealed mix results on the empirical findings of effect of subsidies/donations on performance of Microfinance institutions. This review shows that Subsidies can disincentive workers and managers, thereby creating moral hazard problems (Corruption and Financial impropriety). However, when applied to effect low borrowing costs and Tax incentives/concessions, it affects performance positively. The review also shows that subsidies ought to be used only in the startup phases of the life cycle and to be withdrawn when the Microfinance institution improves. Overall, to achieve the double bottom lines of social and financial sustainability obligations, funding structure in Microfinance should de-emphasise subsidy dependence and encourage market based principles and commercialisation. For effective corporate governance, big Microfinance institutions at the status of Banks and big NGOs should be mandated to disclose their accounts to the public and not just mere annual returns to the Central bank of Nigeria (This may involve quoting them in Nigeria Stock Exchange).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.