Review question / Objective: To determine the efficacy of topical imiquimod in treatment of high-grade CIN (defined as regression CIN 1 or less), and to determine the clearance rate of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV), compared to surgical treatment and placebo. Condition being studied: Women with an untreated, histologically proven, CIN2-3 lesion or women who were persistent high-risk HPV positive. Eligibility criteria: Studies that evaluated the efficacy of imiquimod treatment in intraepithelial lesions or malignancy of other organs, and studies published as conference abstract, narrative review, editorial, letter, or short communication were excluded.
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