Accurate estimation of lithium-ion battery health will (a) improve the performance and lifespan of battery packs in electric vehicles, spurring higher adoption rates, (b) determine the actual extent of battery degradation during usage, enabling a health-conscious control, and (c) assess the available battery life upon retiring of the vehicle to re-purpose the batteries for ''second-use'' applications. In this paper, the real-time validation of an advanced battery health estimation algorithm is demonstrated via electrochemistry, control theory, and batteryin-the-loop (BIL) experiments. The algorithm is an adaptive interconnected sliding mode observer, based on a battery electrochemical model, which simultaneously estimates the critical variables such as the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH). The BIL experimental results demonstrate that the SOC/SOH estimates from the observer converge to an error of 2% with respect to their true values, in the face of incorrect initialization and sensor signal corruption.
In this paper, we report data from lithium battery cells from: Panasonic NCR-18650B (3350 mAh), LG Chem INR21700-M50 (4850 mAh) and A123 Systems ANR26650m1-B (2500 mAh). They own the same anode composition, graphite-based, and different cathode chemistry: lithium-nickel-cobalt aluminum-oxide (NCA), lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt-oxide (NMC) and lithium-iron-phosphate (LFP), respectively. In this study, six cell samples were tested for each chemistry. The experiments consist in fully discharging the cells from 100% state-of-charge until the cell cutoff discharge voltage. The discharge is performed under controlled temperature conditions, namely 5 °C, 25 °C and 35 °C, and subjecting the battery cells to galvanostatic discharge rates ranging from C/20 to 5C, for NCA and NMC, and from C/20 to 20C, for LFP chemistry. The IncuMax IC-500R thermal chamber provides the reference temperature to the cell. The input current profiles are configured via the MITS Pro-software, and transmitted through the TCP/IP connection to the Arbin measurement system and the Arbin LBT21024. Voltage, current and cell surface temperature are measured on each cell and for each experiment to characterize the cells in terms of discharge capacity, discharge efficiency, thermal robustness, specific energy and specific power. A comprehensive analysis of the data is found in
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