BackgroundNational mapping of soil-transmitted helminth infections (STH) was conducted for the first time in all of the 77 districts of Benin (West Africa) from 2013 to 2015. This mapping aimed to provide basic epidemiological data essential for the implementation of the national strategy against the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in the context of achieving the WHO target of controlling these infections by 2020.MethodsIn each district, 5 schools were purposively selected in 5 villages and 50 school-children (25 girls and 25 boys) from ages 8 to 14 years were randomly enrolled in each school. In total, 19,250 stool samples of school children (9,625 girls and 9,625 boys) from 385 schools were examined by Kato-Katz technique.ResultsThe three major species of STH (hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura) were observed with intra- and inter-specific variations in the prevalence and the intensity of these parasites. Hookworm infection was present in all of the surveyed districts with an average prevalence of 17.14% (95% CI 16.6%-17.6%). Among the infected schoolchildren, at national level, 90.82%, 6.73% and 2.45% of infections were of light, moderate and heavy parasite intensities respectively. A. lumbricoides infection, with a national average prevalence of 5.35% (95% CI 5.00%-5.60%),was the second most prevalent STH, and 84.37%, 14.27% and 1.36% of the infections were of light, moderate and heavy parasite intensities, respectively. T. trichiura had a national average prevalence of 1.15% (95% CI 0.90%-1.20%) and 80.45%, 13.18% and 6.36% infections were of light, moderate and heavy parasite intensities, respectively. The national cumulative prevalence of the three STH infections was 22.74% (95% CI 22.15%-23.33%), with58.44% (45/77) of the districts requiring mass treatment according to WHO recommendations. In all of the surveyed districts, multiple infections by STH species were common, and boys seemed more at risk of hookworm and Ascaris infections.ConclusionsThis first national mapping provided an overview of the epidemiological pattern of STH infections and was essential for the implementation of a control strategy with an effective preventive chemotherapy treatment (PCT). Results show that while preventive chemotherapy is not indicated for children in 32/77 districts, 43 require annual deworming and two require twice yearly deworming. If no environmental change occurs, and no mass treatment is delivered, prevalence is likely to remain stable for many years owing to poor hygiene and sanitation.

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Tél: (00229)97645885). RESUMEUn relevé parasitaire a été réalisé en 2016 afin de mieux comprendre la présence, la répartition et la diversité de la faune parasitaire chez les espèces piscicoles commerciales, Clarias gariepinus et Oreochromis niloticus provenant des whédos du delta supérieur de l'Ouémé au sud du Bénin. L'échantillonnage a été réalisé dans les trois communes du haut delta de l'Ouémé (Bonou, Ouinhi, Zagnanado). Trente whédos artificiels ont été sélectionnés à raison de dix par commune. Un total de 757 poissons (417 C. gariepinus et 340 Oreochromis niloticus) ont été collectés durant les deux périodes de crue et de décrue du fleuve Ouémé et ont été examinés pour des parasites en utilisant des techniques parasitologiques de routine. Onze (11) taxons parasites ont été observés chez les deux espèces hôtes : 6 taxons sont présents chez Oreochromis niloticus et 7 chez Clarias gariepinus. Deux taxons, Clinostomum sp. et Gryporhynchidae, sont observés chez les deux espèces hôtes. La parasitofaune de O. niloticus est dominée par des taxons à transmission par stade libre, tandis que les parasites à transmission par stade libre et les parasites à transmission trophique sont également représentés chez C. gariepinus. Les branchies sont très faiblement parasitées, mais fortement par des monogènes. L'intestin est fortement parasité, principalement par les nématodes et les trématodes. En général, l'occurrence et la diversité des parasites chez ces espèces de poissons mettent en évidence la probabilité d'une résurgence de pathologies dans les systèmes aquacoles étudiés. Ceci appelle à une sensibilisation des agriculteurs, des pisciculteurs, des fournisseurs de services et des chercheurs pour une meilleure gestion de la santé des poissons. © 2019 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved Mots clés: Métazoaires parasites, Clarias gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus, Whédos, Sud Bénin. M. H. SÈDOGBO et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 13(2): 983-997, 2019 984 Metazoan parasite fauna of Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae) and Oreochromis niloticus (Cichlidae), two fishes from whédos around the upper delta of Ouémé river in southern BeninABSTRACT An intensive parasite survey was conducted in 2016 to get more information the occurrence of parasite fauna, its distribution and diversity in the commercial cultured fish species, Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus, from whédos of Ouémé upper delta in south Benin. Sampling was carried out in the three communes of the upper delta of Ouémé (Bonou, Ouinhi, Zagnanado). Thirty artificial whedos were selected at the rate of ten per commune. A total of 757 fish (417 C. gariepinus and 340 O. niloticus) were collected during flood and recession periods of Ouémé river and were examined for parasites using routine parasitological technics.The survey yielded 11 parasite taxon: 6 from Oreochromis niloticus and seven from Clarias gariepinus. Two taxon, Clinostomum sp. and Gryporhynchidae, were both parasites of the two fish hosts. O. niloticus was dominated by free-living stag...