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We have presented a method for the construction of an approximation to the initial-value second-order Volterra integrodifferential equation (VIDE). The polynomial spline collocation methods described here give a superconvergence to the solution of the equation.2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 34Bxx, 45L10, 65D05, 65D15.

Simplest results presented here are the stability criteria of collocation methods for the second-order Volterra integro differential equation (VIDE) by polynomial spline functions. The polynomial spline collocation method is stable if all eigenvalues of a matrix are in the unit disk and all eigenvalues with |λ|=1 belong to a 1×1 Jordan block. Also many other conditions are derived depending upon the choice of collocation parameters used in the solution procedure

Let R be a commutative ring with unity. The unit graph G(R) is defined such that the vertex set of G(R) is the set of all elements of R, and two distinct vertices are adjacent if their sum is a unit in R. In this paper, we show that for each prime, p,G(Zp) and G(Z2p) are eigensharp graphs. Likewise, we show that the unit graph associated with the ring Zp[x]∕x2 is an eigensharp graph.