SummaryStudy aim: To evaluate the effect of power and muscle strength training on skin temperature and the performance of the vertical jump with countermovement (CMJ).Material and methods: The sample consisted of four male basketball athletes of the under-17 category (age: 15.75 ± 1.0 years). 48 hours after anthropometric evaluation and determination of the loads for 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the leg extension exercise, the athletes were subjected, through crossover-type entrance, to power (PTP) and strength (STP) training protocols. The protocols consisted of three sets with loads of 60% and 90% of 1RM for PTP and STP, respectively. Thermographic images of the thighs were taken before and immediately after each training session.Results: There were significant differences in results between the two training protocols, with increased total repetitions (t = 13.481; p < 0.05) and total training volume (t = 15.944; p < 0.05) in the PTP, and increase in the % of 1RM (t = 33.903; p < 0.05) and rating of perceived exertion (t = 6.755; p < 0.05) in the STP. The skin temperature before and after PTP and STP showed no significant differences. In the post-STP, the CMJ presented significant reductions in height (t = 3.318; p < 0.05), flight time (t = 3.620; p < 0.05), velocity (t = 3.502; p < 0.05), and force (t = 4.381; p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in pre-and post-STP CMJ.Conclusions: Power and maximum strength training in the leg extension exercise performed until concentric failure appears to be a method that induces thermal stress on the skin. This training directly influenced the performance of the vertical jump after the stimulus.