ABSTRACT:In this paper, we draw upon a framework for analyzing the discursive interactions of science classrooms (Mortimer & Scott, 2003, Meaning Making in Secondary Science Classrooms, Maidenhead, UK: Open University Press), to probe the movement between authoritative and dialogic discourse in a Brazilian high school science class. More specifically, we argue the point that such shifts between communicative approaches are an inevitable part of teaching whose purpose is to support meaningful learning of scientific knowledge. We suggest that a necessary tension therefore exists between authoritative and dialogic approaches as dialogic exchanges are followed by authoritative interventions (to develop the canonical scientific view), and the authoritative introduction of new ideas is followed by the opportunity for dialogic application and exploration of those ideas. In these ways, one communicative approach follows from the other, authoritativeness acting as a seed for dialogicity and vice versa. We discuss how this analysis, in terms of shifts in communicative approach, offers a new and complementary perspective on supporting "productive disciplinary engagement"

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The view that knowledge cannot be transmitted but must be constructed by the mental activity of learners underpins contemporary perspectives on science education. This article, which presents a theoretical perspective on teaching and learning science in the social setting of classrooms, is informed by a view of scientific knowledge as socially constructed and by a perspective on the learning of science as knowledge construction involving both individual and social processes. First, we present an overview of the nature of scientific knowledge. We then describe two major traditions in explaining the process of learning science: personal and social constructivism. Finally, we illustrate how both personal and social perspectives on learning, as well as perspectives on the nature of the scientific knowledge to be learned, are necessary in interpreting science learning in formal settings.

Resumo:Desde a década de sessenta, currículos de ensino de ciências com ênfase em CTS -ciência, tecnologia e sociedade -vêm sendo desenvolvidos no mundo inteiro. Tais currículos apresentam como objetivo central preparar os alunos para o exercício da cidadania e caracterizam-se por uma abordagem dos conteúdos científicos no seu contexto social. No presente artigo, discutimos criticamente os pressupostos desses currículos, de modo a fornecer subsídios para a elaboração de novos modelos curriculares na área de Ciências da Natureza e suas Tecnologias os quais possam contemplar a finalidade da educação básica em preparar o aluno para o exercício consciente da cidadania. Abstract:Since the 60s, science curricula with emphasis in STS -Science, Technology and Societyhave been developed all around the world. These curricula aim, mainly, at preparing students to the exercise of the citizenship and are characterized by approaching science content in the social context. In this article we discuss critically the presupposition of such curricula as to provide support for the elaboration of new curricular models in the area of Natural Science and its Technologies which can contribute to the aim of Primary and Secondary Education of preparing the students to the conscious exercise of citizenship.¹ Professor da

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