This paper describes the use Excel's Solver of Microsoft and desirability function for the determination of Hansen's solubility parameters (HSPs). The Excel's solver is powerful while at the same time being user-friendly and easy to comprehend. Results of HSPs for different polymers and oils were evaluated and compared with the results obtained by the use of other tools; no significant differences were found between the Microsoft Excel solution and either the professional program HSPiP or other software platform used by different authors. Improvements introduced in the Excel book developed by Steven Abbott for this purpose, by the inclusion of some restrictions and functions, allow simultaneously optimizing the diameter of the Hansen sphere together with the determination of Hansen's parameters, so that a tool, available to professional and researcher, can be used for these determinations with a high degree of precision, using any of the nonlinear optimization algorithms available in the Solver add-in. Finally, it is illustrated how the use of programming in Excel VBA can lead to a friendly interface for these determinations.

No abstract

With the COVID-19 pandemic, many diagnostic tests (molecular or immunological) were rapidly standardised, given the urgency of the situation, many are still in the process of being validated. The main objective of this study was to review the aspects of the diagnostic kits approved in Brazil and their application in the different federative units to gather epidemiological information. In order to achieve these objectives, a survey was carried out on the data available at the regulatory agency (ANVISA) and in the literature. The main countries that have registered products in Brazil are China (51.4%), Brazil (16.6%), South Korea (9.2%), USA (8.8%) and Germany (3.6%). The methodologies of these products are based on the detection of nucleic-acid (15.8%), antigen (13%) and antibody (71.2%). In the immunological tests, it was verified that the sensitivity ranged from 55 to 100% and the specificity from 80 to 100%. The percentage of cases in the samples tested in Brazil is elevated in almost all federative units since eight states showed 40% of positive cases in tested samples, while 18 states displayed between 20 and 40%. In conclusion, this review showed HIGHLIGHTS The main COVID-19 diagnostic methods in Brazil are updated.  More than 80% of the approved products are from other countries.  The tests are based on the detection of nucleic-acid (15.8%), antigen (13%) and antibody (71.2%).  The most of Brazilian federative units show an elevated percentage of cases per samples tested. 2 Vedova-Costa J.M.D.; et al.

Resumen.-Diversos países enfrentan serios desafíos cuando su producción centralizada de electricidad no satisface el crecimiento de su demanda. Para hacer frente a esta situación, empresas energéticas y grandes clientes eléctricos están desarrollando plantas de generación conectadas a la red del distribuidor ("Generación Distribuida"). En este artículo el autor analiza críticamente el marco legal existente de la Generación Distribuida y el eventual impacto que el proyecto de reglamento de Generación Distribuida (aprobado por el Ministerio de Energía y Minas en el 2018) podría tener en el mercado energético peruano. Asimismo, se incluyen algunas propuestas y recomendaciones con el objetivo de ser evaluadas por los encargados de aprobar e implementar una normativa sobre Generación Distribuida en el país.

Al analizar varios artículos se describe sobre el femicidio y las circunstancias que agravan la situación jurídica del procesado que comete este delito y como precautelar el derecho a la inviolabilidad de la vida establecido en la Constitución. La investigación tuvo por finalidad que se implemente como agravante en el estado de gestación en una mujer víctima de femicidio. Ecuador es un Estado Constitucional de Derechos y Justicia con diversas leyes de protección a la mujer; sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha incrementado.